The Study Of Middle Construction Markers "Zhe""Qilai""Shangqu" And Some Teaching Strategies

The Middle Construction is special structure between active and passivesentences, with the active voice features from the form, and the passive voice inmeaning. It has a long study history in abroad while late in China and the areasinvolved are not exhaustive.Based on the reference and learning the results of previous studies I have putforward and solve three problems: First of all, I have used the theory of three planes,from the viewpoints of syntax, semantics, pragmatics, to redefine The MiddleConstruction in Chinese which is meet the sentence structure “NP+V-Qilai/Shangqu/Zhe+AP”. Among them, the typical NP is a direct internal argument of verbs, andundertakes the role of referring to the patient; Verb which is able to enter theconstructions of the VP is autonomous transitive verb which shares less sense ofwritten language. AP is autonomous adjectives, while non-autonomous ones cannotenter. Viewed from the semantic plane, the basic semantic of this structure is not anevent, but a certain state of things which meet grammar meaning of “when V–NP,NP usually AP”. Viewed from pragmatic plane, the Middle Construction is anexpression form which has a mark in subjective. It marked on middle constructionphrases to express a subjective feeling and evaluation of speaker on the topic of thingson behalf of constituents within the meaning of the phrase NP. As far as meconcerned the Middle Construction in Chinese should satisfy the requirements andrestrictions of three planes at the same time.Secondly, this paper focuses on comparative analysis and replacement study onthe Middle Construction marker “Zhe”“Qilai”“Shangqu” and tried to find out theirsimilarities and differences, as well as summarizes the replacement of conditions andrules between them. First of all, to do replacement analysis of “Zhe”and“Qilai” fromfour perspectives of classification on middle Construction, Chinese prosodic word,beginning meaning of “Qilai”, and co-occurrence of the AP, conclude the law thatthese two markers can’t be replaced. This is proposed middle construction, doublesyllable verbs and when the sentence emphasizes the initial meaning and picture feeling. In three above circumstances “Qilai” cannot be replaced by “Zhe”. From theperspective of co-occurring component of the AP, higher co-occurrence marker is“Qilai” when AP shares stronger written language such as idioms, poetry and otherphrases. However, when AP is idioms and colloquial expressions which share strongoral language the higher co-occurrence one is “Zhe”. Then comparatively analysis“Zhe”“Qilai”“Shangqu” you will find out that “Zhe” shares the lowest degree ofgrammaticalization and has strong semantic of [+attachment]. So it is easy to bedistinguished with the “Qilai” and “Zhe”.Finally, according to the actual corpus of HSK dynamic composition corpus, Ihave investigated and analysis the situation of foreign students’ acquisition of ChineseMiddle Construction and summed up the laws of acquisition Middle Construction forthe foreign students. On the basis of conclusions what have been discussed, I have putforward some pertinent teaching suggestions of acquisition Middle Construction frombeginner Intermediate to advanced foreign students.