The Research Of Xianbei Murong’ Activities During The Sixteen States And The Northern Wei Dynasty In Shanxi Region

In Late Western Jin Dynasty, Shanxi Region, as the junction of nomadic civilization and farming civilization, became the only way which minorities must passed to go down south of central plains and establish a political power since the revolt by Liu Yuan and Shi Le. Xianbei Mu-rong, the minority nationality government deeply impacted by hanization during the period of the Sixteen States, established four regimes gradually, the Former Yan, the Later Yan, the Western Yan and the Southern Yan. Besides, it is found that the Former Yan, the Later Yan and the Western Yan all had traces of activities in Shanxi Region.This paper teases and studies the Xianbei Mu-rong’s activities during the Sixteen States and Northern Dynasty in Shanxi Region, to find out the profound influences which were produced by the military and political activities of Xianbei Mu-rong to Shanxi Region, and try to figure out the association between Mu-rong Yan Regime and the Northern Wei Dynasty and even the Sui and Tang Dynasties. This text includes five parts:the first is mainly about Xianbei Mu-rong’s historical events before they entered the Central Plains, consisting of historical origin and early migration routes. The second part analyses the activities of the Former Yan Regime which established by Mu-rong Family, including its dealings with the local power in Shanxi, the time when the regime entered and exited Shanxi. The next one dissects the reasons why the Western Yan Regime established by Mu-rong was a nine day’s wonder in Shangdang Region, along with the causes of area selection and ending rapidly. The fourth section chiefly expounds the military activities of the Later Yan Regime established by Mu-rong Family in Shanxi Region, such as destroying the Western Yan, fighting for Daibei Region with the Northern Wei, expelled from Shanxi by the Northern Wei, etc. The last part states the relationship between Mu-rong and Tuoba during different periods one by one and analyses the reasons oftheir diverse relevance.Xianbei Mu-rong accessed to the Central Plains, set foot in Shanxi with strong factors of hanization, leading to the variety of population structure in Shanxi. Further more, it positively impacted the hanization of the Northern Wei Dynasty due to its close relationship with Xianbei Tuo-ba and, meanwhile, promoted the national fusion in Shanxi Region.