The Research On Remain Marks Of Animal Bones Unearthed From Gaomiao Site In 2005

This thesis briefly introduces the research achievements of marks on animal bones in and abroad, discusses the importance of methods of analyzing animal bones so as to call on the research of animal bones in archaeology and to impel the further development of zoo-archeology.Based on these researches and achievements, the thesis firstly introduces the Gaomiao site and the general situation of unearthed animal bones in 2005, and then, thoroughly examines the remained marks of animal bones from different aspects, which include nature, human, animals, diseases and so on. Among them, it mainly focuses on the analysis and research of man power marks. Through the unscrambling and integrating human behavior models, human and animals and the information between human and environment, it tries to historically restore the temporal ecological environment, and explores tentatively the behavioral model, nutrition and intelligence level, together with the reasons of the change of Gaomiao ruins and its historical status.After a comprehensive view of the marks on animal bones which were excavated in 2005, the thesis draws the following conclusions. Because of the benign environment, the marks which made by nature were reserved better; the marks which were formed by animal and disease influences and the abundant animal groups indicate the subtropical climate and cozy environment of that time; the rich and colorful human marks were mostly shaped by the material and spiritual demands; all the following factors, such as the diet habits, the diet structure, the dissection technology, the capture process, the procedure of bone-ware-making and the primitive religion, manifested the prehistoric Gaomiao people’s lofty technology and intelligence. However, such a heavily seizing way in production and economy as fishing-hunting and gathering made the prehistoric Gaomiao people excessively rely on the animal resources. Until the terminal period, the unearthed bones amount to few because of the large-scale migration of Gaomiao people and the lack of available animal resources. Meantime, Gaomiao settlements began to be seriously impacted by the Daxi culture which originated from Dongting Lake, which was characterized by agro-plantation. The economic foundation was also confronted with severe challenge. Thus, Gaomiao traditional culture, which was apart from about 6300 years, began to change. Today, when looking back at these rich and colorful bequeathal marks, we still have a lot of multicultural contemplations.