Study On Merleau-Ponty’s Phenomenology Of Perception Transcending Dualism

Merleau-Ponty is an important exponent of phenomenology. Based on the husserl phenomenology, he advanced an new and special phenomenology---perceptional phenomenology.Perceptional phenomenology consists of behavorism, perception theory, and "body" theory, its fundamental aim is to overcome the duality between subject and object, body and soul in traditional philosophy. Therefore, the duality is an important problem to solve in perceptional phenomenology of Merleau-Ponty. Only when we surpass the duality, will we better understand and grasp the Merleau-Ponty’s theory of perceptional phenomenology.The thesis consists of three parts:behavioral theory, perception theory, and "body"theory of Merleau-Ponty. So we can analyse the surmounting of the duality.In the first part,it is mainly about the behavioral theory of Merleau-Ponty and the oversteping of duality. Oversteping empiricism and rationalism, through the criticism of Pavlov’s reflection theory, inspired by the gestalt theory, Merleau-Ponty constructed the behavioral theory from a phenomenological perspective, explained his concept of behavior in detail. Focus on behavior theory is eliminating the duality through the important concept of behavior. Merleau-Ponty suggests that only when we have the new definition of behavior can we get the access to the problem of the traditional philosohpy and better eliminate the duality between consciousness and nature.In the second part, it is mainly about the perception theory in perceptional phenomenology and the oversteping of the duality.Through the criticism of gestalt psychology, empiricism and perception theory,Merleau-Ponty advanced the perception theory---the core concept of embodied phenomenon and a priori form phenomenology, in order to overstep the duality between body and soul in the perceptional perspective.In the thrid part,it is mainly about Merleau-Ponty’s "body" theory and the transcendence of duality. Based on the life world, Merleau-Ponty put forward the theory of "body".The duality between body and soul is overstepped by "ambiguity" and "intercorporeite";he solved the problem of duality between subject and object in epistemology through "The silence of the thinking", physical intentionality and "The living body";he constructed the ontology of "chair",in an effort to transcend the duality fundamentally.