A Study On The British Navy Construction From1884 To 1914

In the late 19 th century and early 20 th century, along with the further deepening of the industrial revolution, the political and economic development of all capitalist powerful nations is more and more unbalanced. Two big political and military groups, which is the entente countries headed by Britain and the allies led by Germany, launched an all-out confrontation on economic, political, military and various aspects. In which Britain and Germany are most concerned about their military security. In order to compete for strategic advantage, the two powers launched an endless arms race and military activities on a global scale to show its strength. The arms race to a great extent, promote the construction of the military.Britain as a marine power who dominates global ocean for hundreds of years, navy in the British military power system plays an extremely important role.At the beginning of the First World War, the British navy pursues a global ocean strategy, and launched fierce competition with the German navy, The British navy regard maintaining its maritime supremacy as the cornerstone of national security.Therefore, the British takes the navy’s construction and development very seriously.In the aspect of military thoughts, navy’s military thought developed and changed continuously with thestrategic influence of the “Sea-power Decision Theory”, “The Theory of Control Ocean”, “Blockade” Strategy and “The Combined Operations of Navy and Army” theory, putting forward the main mission of the British navy,expliciting the thought of the Sea War, establishing the principle of the navy construction. In the construction of navy system, they established a scientific and efficient commandsystem; optimized navy, improved operational efficiency; In the aspect military training, enhancing the naval fighting capacity through training. On naval weapons and equipment, qualified army through science and technology.Making full use of the results of the industrial revolution and building a lot of new warships. They paid attention to the development of battleship and gave full play to the deterrent threat of royal navy in the major parts of the world.The world’s most powerful navy built by Britain, has played an important role in the First World War, made an advantage in battle with the German navy, and ensured the final victory of allies. The navy, to a certain extent, have maintained the Britishnaval supremacy. At the same time, the construction and development of the British navy, in the period of time also appeared some mistakes and insufficiency, which make the UK carried with a heavy financial burden, plus huge consumption of British power in world war I, caused the decline of British naval supremacy, and had to share the world marine hegemony with other emerging maritime powers. The development of British navy has produced significant effect on Britain’s global strategy, its experiences and lessons of the construction of the navy became the important learning resources of many naval powers. At present, China’s economy develops rapidly and has global trade all over the world, but the interests of overseas are invaded by criminals. In addition, the escalating surrounding sea territorial disputes. China’s national security and Marine interests are threatened, The construction of modern ocean navy has become the current important task of China.