A Study On The Tribute Of Hilsa Herring And Its Changes In Ming And Qing Dynasty

Shad as delicious food, become the important tribute during the Ming and Qing dynasties.Ming taizu made its capital in Nanjing and Jiangnan shad be anointed as the ancestral temple worship tribute.Ming chengzu moved to Beijing.Northern region does not produce shad, but Ming royal shad tribute to remain down, in order to maintain the dignity of the ancestral temple and imperial uprightness. So there will be a door to fishermen family, families, the people apportion the long-distance transportation of shad corvee burden and with silver. In the middle and late Ming Dynasty, Shad tribute system is becoming more and more corruption. Pan Jixun and Hu Guang officials from their own interests made to be adjustment. During all Ming Dynasty, Shad tribute did not abolished.In Qing Dynasty,with shad not temple offerings, plus shad tribute is a nuisance,kangxi stopped shad tribute, charging shad silver at a discount. Yongzheng years,shad silver on improving at a discount. The first year of emperor Qianlong(1736), the Qianlong emperor to abolish the shad discount silver.Young state jiangdu county county annals, included an article about shad, signed by Yu Kongrui.This article is referenced to the later scholars printed in kangxi "jiangdu county annal" for the first time.In Yongzheng "jiangdu county annal" in no records, not only in the qianlong "jiangdu county annal" in this article, and the detail is more Yu Kongrui can find local officials in shandong zhang scales, thus the shade tribute was stopped. From the perspective of the system of shade tribute, Yu Kong rui article in "jiangdu county annal" does not conform to the historical facts. Kangxi "jiangdu county annal" purpose is to sing praises the kindness of emperor kangxi. Not included in the Yongzheng "jiangdu county annal", because the shad silver collection at a discount.Qianlong "jiangdu county annal" included more than once again Yu Kong rui plays,because of the silver the abolition of the shad discount and the influence of Zhang Nenglin later generations.Shade tribute system in the Ming and Qing dynasties have their own characteristics, focuses on the shad itself on gong in the Ming dynasty, the Qing dynasty focuses on shad silver waste. But Shade tribute system of progressive causal sentiments, contact and make shade tribute research cannot be separated during the Ming and Qing dynasties. Shade tribute system in the Ming and Qing dynasties study enriched the fishery taxation and Ming and Qing dynasties tribute to fold the silver.It for system changes and the relationship between the writing of country annals provides a research paradigm.