Process Of Somaliland Politics: From 1960 To 2005

Since 1991, the overthrowing of the Mohamed Siad Barre regime, civil war sent Somalia into anarchy which is full of ethnic strife and warlordism. But at the same time, people in the northwestern Somaliland region declared independence soon, gradually resolved the conflicts among the northwest ethnic forces, and established a relatively stable government and social order with basic realization of peace and stability. They also combined the native resource and modern democratic ideas, gradually moved towards a stable democracy. The Somaliland political independence has been hardly recognized internationally and it has gained almost no external powers included the United Nations, the African Union and any assistance and supports. In this context, for the breakaway region of Somaliland, how to rely on their own strength to achieve peace and establish the modern democracy system become a very thought-provoking question.Firstly, after a series of peace conference, Somaliland created a peaceful and stable environment for the new regime government with the help of traditional elders and institutions. In the meetings, the elders made peace and sought to solve conflicts by talks and negotiations. In this period, the Somali national movement created a peaceful and stable environment for the development of the new regime with ethnic elders force.Secondly, in the construction of the country, indigenous factors and ethnic elders also play the important roles. On one hand, after Borama conference, Somaliland boldly created the ethnic system into the system of modern political groups. On the other hand, Somaliland finally realized the elected representation after three years and finally achieved a political representative of the electoral system. In the election process, ethnic composition, the traditional elders and other factors had an important influence on the result of the election. In addition to present the political development process in Somaliland, this paper focuses on promoting role indigenous factors played on ethnic conflict management and the construction of modern countries in the process.