The Influence Of Word Frequency On Free Recall And Reconstruction In Pure List And Mixed List

Memory is a mental process of maintaining and storing the individual experience in your mind. From the perspective of information processing, it is the process of human brain encoding, storing and extracting the inputted information. The moment, due to the impact of cognitive processing, psychological research has begun to study the structure of memory, short-term memory capacity and specific working mechanism. Comprehensive foreign many research results are considered to have a clear understanding of working memory, it is necessary to carry out a successful separation on item memory and order memory, then to explain the influence of their generation. Overseas through a variety of methods to test item memory and order memory. But domestic research on this area has few. This research adopts the method of the traditional memory test, the method of free recall and reconstruction were used to measure item memory and order memory.While the word frequency is the basic attribute of words. In exploring lexical processing unit, the interactive relations of word frequency, semantic similarity, and phonological similarity have been worthy of studying. However, the role of word frequency in the memories is needed to be further verified. DeLosh and McDaniel(1996) concluded that when the free recall of high-frequency pure list and low-frequency word pure lists are compared, often there will be a recall advantage for high-frequency words. When mixed list of lists by high-frequency words and lowfrequency word, but there will be a recall advantage for low-frequency words. A series of studies have indicated that the composition of the mixed list affected memories results. Therefore, through the method of free recall to test memory, we not only study which encoding form used by participants to process and extract the memory contents, but also judge the participates used sequence encoded information or semantic encoding information or phonological coding information to guide memories in list of pure and mixed lists of Chinese characters.This study was designed using traditional free recall task and order reconstruction to study the respective function and interaction of word frequency and semantic similarity, the phonological similarity in the memories. In experiment 1, 30 college students as participants, exploring the impact of common word frequency in pure list and mixed list of free recall and reconstruction. Balanced the previous study under the same experimental conditions to investigate whether the order of memory and item of memory performance of the project will be extended to the Chinese project list. Using 2(word frequency) × 2(list type) within two factorial design to check the list of word frequency and type in free recall and reconstruction and relationships with each other. The results show that performance of common word, item memory and order memory word has advantages in keeping in the pure list. In a mixed list, instead of item memory and order memory of low-frequency words have the advantage in keeping. In experiment 2, 60 college students as participants. In this study, on the basis of experiment 1 semantic vocabulary as presenting the material, which is divided into the semantic structure of the vocabulary list and dissimilar similarity lists. Using 2(word frequency) × 2(list relations) × 2(list type) three-factor mixed design. Participants were asked to use semantic clues to guide memory, these two tasks was completed to explore the relationship between word frequency list relations and list type role in the memories and the mutual relations. The results show that in the pure list, semantic similarity can improve the item memory of high-frequency words, and is not conducive to the low-frequency words item memory. In a mixed list, due to the using of semantic clues thus breaking the sequence coding clues leading to order memory of frequency words and low frequency words were not significantly affected. In experiment 3, 60 college students as participants. This vocabulary list structure is divided into phonological similarity and dissimilarity list, to investigate the effects of word frequency on the free recall and reconstruction. Using 2(word frequency) × 2(list relationship) × 2(list type) three-factor mixed design. Participants were asked to complete more than two traditional recall tasks, and to explore the relationship between the three factors. The results show in the pure list, Phonological similarity of word frequency did not increase in the item memory overall. Phonological similarity can help distinguish each item of list,but the memory will weaken the sequence of each item in the list.In the mixed list Phonological similarity on the order of memory has a significant effect.