A Study Of “ba Ge” Construction In Mandarin Chinese

"Ba ge" construction is rarely used in modern Chinese, which mainly functions as causation, and has “unexpected” pragmatics because of the emergence of "ge". The highlighted function of “ba ge” construction is closely associated with its sentence structures and the role of “ge”. This paper will combine syntactic, semantic and pragmatics to investigate the special characteristic of "ba ge" construction.Firstly, we analyze the syntactic and semantic feature of "ba ge" construction from the synchronic plane. S often don’t appear in syntactic structures, but they are necessary in the semantics, which has default and low degree of life. NP mostly is inanimate noun, although the form is indefinite, which represent the information is definite. V mainly are transitive, which are composed with three kinds of verbs: 1) general verb, 2) displacement disappear class, 3) psychological identity class, and they often bring state or result complement. It expresses the constructional meaning of that because of the influence of S make NP produce the result or state represented by VC.Then we study the changes of each component of "ba ge" from diachronic approach. By analyzing the semantic pattern of "ba ge" construction, we think it is from the disposal of righteousness develop into causation under the condition of metonymy and the bleaching of construction meaning gradually.Finally, we combine with discourse anaphora to prove the definiteness of object noun, then use the higher definiteness of language and the structural assigned sense to prove "ge" has been developed into an article. "ge" highlights its object as focus, which functions as emphasis and distinction. It mainly expresses the surprised results or states between NP and VC which conflicts with the speaker’s presupposition.