A Judgment Of The Formation Mechanism Of Doubtful Relics In The Archeological Site Of The Paleolithic Period At Shenyang Agricultural University From The Perspective Of Soil Science

Relic is a structure in the process of life activities, which was born in rocks, sediments and particles, including the sites, burial, ash pits, rock paintings, hoards and traces left by human activities, etc. Research on relics much depends on the environmental archaeology, environmental archaeology is an emerging discipline, and it studies the dynamic relationship between the ancient culture and the ecological system at that time. The paleosol is a good recorder of the ancient climate, the ancient environment and the ancient human activities information, thus it plays an important role in the environmental archaeology. About the paleosol research on site area, most studies has focused on paleoenvironment reconstruction and restored the ancient human life habits, etc., but it has few studies on soil genesis, which may is the ancient human activity relic (hereinafter referred to as the doubtful relics),when it has a special form in the determining site area.This paper selected 8 doubtful relics and their soil (from the surface 310 cm) as the research object, and they are from the archeo logical site of the Paleolithic Period at Shenyang Agricultural University (hereinafter referred to as ShenNong archaeological site). By analyzing the inside and outside granularity and the clay minerals composition, the rare earth elements and the major element content and distributions characteristic of the soil in doubtful relics, compared the results with the loess samples and typical aeolian soil, this study can determine the similarity of the material properties and sources in the internal and external soil from doubtful relics. By analyzing the enrichment of the effective phosphorus and the organic carbon in this field, it determines the possibility of artificial disturbance in doubtful relics; by using the theory of soil genesis, this paper analyzes the formation mechanism of doubtful relics. The results show that:(1) The inside and outside soil granularity characteristics of doubtful relics are same, the content and distribution pattern of the rare earth element are same, and it also has good similarity with the loess samples. This shows that soil material composition of doubtful relics is same, the soil is all the loess accumulation; Analytics of the major element and soil clay minerals combination show that, the soil major element ratios compare curve of doubtful relics is consistent, they are all illite-vermiculite-kaolinite, it can conclude that the soil source in doubtful relics is same.(2) The organic carbon and the effective phosphorus content are no significant difference between inside and outside soil of doubtful relics, and the content of organic carbon and effective phosphorus is low, the soil magnetic susceptibility does not appear abnormal high value, Thus no human activities trace has been found. Further investigation results show that, in the period of doubtful relics formation (73000 years ago), the geological disasters happened a lot around the world, because of the poor living conditions, human nearly extinct. Therefore, the possibility of human activities forming the doubtful relics is unlikely.(3) From the perspective of soil genesis, the research results that, the characteristics of the soil from the doubtful relics is the product of soil development. The doubtful relics mainly divided into two kinds. One shows redox properties obviously; Another kind is the soil structure crevice with high SiO2 content. In the lower part in the soil, it is the heavy texture of impermeable layer. And the soil shows acidic. The level of organic content is low. The surface of the earth is woody plants. This has good similarity with the physical and chemical properties and soil forming conditions similar with the fragipan of soil. It concludes that forming the doubtful relics is because the soil moisture is sufficient, and the soil solution silicate content is rich, at the same time, the woody plants absorb moisture in the soil leading to the growth of forming the SiO2 deposition. So the doubtful relics are a natural soil forming process rather than a human forming.