The Geographical Research Of Huizhou Buddhism In Ming Dynasty

Since the beginning of Wei-jin period and after the great development of Sui and Tang dynasties, Huizhou Buddhism ups to the golden time in the Song dynasty. The unrest at the end of the Yuan dynasty, Huizhou Buddhism shows an image of dull. However, the reconstruction and merge for the ruined temple in Hong-wu period and the huge investment in Wan-li period promote the Huizhou Buddhism to have its flourish once again. The difference is, the revival of Huizhou Buddhism only refers to the material level, that the explanation on the principles in a secular state obviously.From the material level, the developments of Huizhou Buddhism are mainly embodied in the Buddhist temples rebuilt and renew in Ming dynasty. With the rebuilt and new activities, Huizhou temples in space has formed two centers, which consists of rebuilt center in Wu-yuan and new center in Mount Huang. In the existing temples of Ming dynasty, the large amount of remaining temples during tang and song dynasties become the main body of Huizhou existing temples, which also benefits She-xian and Xiu-ning to become a main area of existing temple distribution, while Mount Huang bases on specific circumstances in the Ming dynasty shows a tendency that Buddhist temples are highly concentrated. From the theoretical level, monks are holders and communicators of the Buddhist doctrine, whose native place and distribution state represent the spreading form of Buddhist faith. In all Ming dynasty, Huizhou foreign monks present widely distributed on the space state, but the phenomenon of concentration distribution is not obvious. On the contrary, local monks present concentrated distribution both in the spot and the surface. As far as Preaching Place about monks of Huizhou in Ming dynasty, the higher monk proportion is hold by She-xian and Wu-yuan with the intensive distribution points in Mount Huang and Mount Yang, which form a developed pattern across the urban and rural space and a situation integrated point with face in Huizhou.In terms of the social relations, Huizhou Buddhism constantly influence and penetrate to the Huizhou society at the beginning. From the point of spreading ideology of Buddhism, transmission spread in a difficult situation in the Huizhou, while disseminated by class and stimulation are distinct embodies in the Huizhou characteristics, which realize the spreading of Buddhism and the fusion of local culture. From the point of transmission carrier, spreading carriers have not only limited to the traditional forms of Buddhism "sanbao", gradually penetrate to the Huizhou book carving, prints, sculptures, murals, even the Mu-lian theatre and other material and non-material carriers. Diversify of Buddhism spreading carriers, at the same time, also realize the spatial extension of Huizhou culture. From the point of transmission system, self and group communications are outstanding communication system, while organizational communication system and public communication system in Huizhou society also have different degree of embodiment. Throughout the spreading of Buddhism in Huizhou in Ming dynasty, its characteristic lies in the combination of Buddhist culture and local culture, the perfect combination between the particularity and the generality of cultural transmission in the cultural transmission process.From the relationship between the human and land, the unique natural geographical environment and the abundant products for Huizhou Buddhism provide the basic living resources. The vast crowd belief in Buddhism and Buddhism in the application to the funeral and prayer provide objective cultural environment to its survive. Based on this, the survival of Buddhism in Huizhou has a complete system. Due to the deficiency of agricultural production conditions and human factors, in order to obtain better survival conditions, the Huizhou society strengthen to rely on Buddhism in pray for rain. It also laid the position in the prayer rain activities with its function of "Prayer can be fulfilled",as the medium of communication with the natural environment, Huizhou Buddhism has won the Huizhou society’s great concern. And it also become a bridge of interacting effectively between human and land in Pluizhou district, which plays an important role in the process of good wishes realized in the Huizhou society.