The Research On The Temple Fair Of The Liangluo Temple In Subu Village Huining County Gansu Province

About "temple fair", the explanation in Ci Hai is that “habiting to a certain date,regarding temples as the trade market, collecting dealers,is called temple fair.”(1)In The Original and Development of the Temple Fair", Ji Fahan points out that “it(temple fair) is based on religious sacrificial ceremony holiday,near the Buddhist temples and Taoist temples, colleting religious,recreation and trade into an organic whole. The crowd participates in large comprehensive folk activities for many days.”China’s temple fair has a very long history, going through the long history of development, it has formed a relatively stable, unique activity form. Different public groups are full of beautiful yearning and psychological expectation for temple fair,which reflecting the public’s belief, psychological, culture, folk custom, etc. As the formation of a kind of faith and the social custom, it has profound social and historical reasons, and it has important scientific research value.Topic selects the Liang Luo Temple which is in northwest China, Subu club,Subu village, Tu Menxian town, Huining county, Gansu province as the research object, combined with the local customs and history, by means of field investigation,combined with the historical documents and inscriptions carved stone. It investigates systemically and comprehensively the history and current situation of the Liang Luo Temple which representing the temple fairs in northwest rural area. The theory used in the paper is based on background religion about religious knowledge, and referencing the multidisciplinary theoretical method for carrying the research.The belief structure of the Liang Luo Temple takes San Dai Ye, Si Dai Ye, Xian Shen Ye and Local Village God as the principal things. The natural, social and psychological causes of formation of these gods and other beliefs are discussed in the selected topic. It analyzes some ceremonies’ features of the temple fair of Liangluo,such as, Chu Xing: the temple fair activities praying for good luck which held outside on the first day of the lunar year. Shao Ma: a religious rite of etiquette. Kai Xi: a religious rite for singing Qing Qiang(opera). Yan Huo: setting off fireworks and firecrackers to express joy. Qi Fu: praying for happiness by the religious ceremony.Shao Xi: burning all waste at the end of the temple fair. Qiu Yu: praying for rain.Nian Miao: praying for blessing and efficacious result of temple from gods in the form of chanting sutras. Du Zhou: a punitive religious rite held for a disputed event.Yu le: entertainment. Chao Du: familial sacrificial ceremony. Da Zheng: large-scale religious sacrificial ceremony by a whole village. Qiu Xue: pray gods bless to succeed in the examination. Rang Bing:pray gods for curing diseases.The selected topic also analyzes the holy performance of the related ceremonies and the traditional folk custom. The paper unscrambles the belief structure, social function and the essential connotation of the Liang Luo Temple and analyzes the relationship between the Liang Luo temple fair and its adjacent Er Long Mountain temple fair in Subu village Guo Home club. From a functional perspective, the roles of the Liang Luo Temple in Subu club, are mainly for three aspects: the first is the collective memory of rural historical development, the second is people need spiritual life satisfaction,the third is the embodiment of the code of conduct group integration; From the point of essential connotation, mainly for the four aspects: the first is interaction of Taoism,Buddhism and folk beliefs, the second is the combination of religious concepts and festival rest, the third is a marriage of traditional culture and modern mode, the fourth is the evolvement of God’s role and changes of group needs. At the same time,viewing from the relations between the Liang Luo Temple in Subu club and nearby Guo Home Er Long Mountain, the temple fairs have some traits, such as social hierarchy and identical nature. That is what it all boils down to: the temple fairs have positive influence and important role on the current social development and cultural construction in China.