The Semantic Relationship Analysis Of Homologous Words

This article is the statistics and analysis of various homologous words’s semantic relationships. Taking synonymity as the basic unit to classify the homologous words, classified with reference to the principle of the practice of predecessors, based on species classification, identified the four semantic levels:"human" "animal""plant"and "biological parts"(including "body parts" and "plant parts"). Then describing,counting and comparing each synonymity’s semantic relationship,analyzing the semantic relation of homologous words and their distribution characteristics deeply, analyzing the semantic distribution characteristics and it’s causes of homologous words at last. However,the classification of such word is more like a Wikipedia-style in the past study, embodied in the analysis and study of thesaurus,and the description of specific types of homologous words or the study of Japanese homographs,less deep description,statistic and analysis of different words’s semantic relationships,the study of semantic paradigm’s characters and rules of different homologous words is much less.This article take noun as examples, picked 1952 items as study object,401 nouns in " human" item,493 nouns in "animal" item,489 nouns in "plant" item,569 nouns in "biological parts" item, (including 340 of "body parts" and 229 of "plant parts"), including four types and two semantic hierarchy. " human""animal""plant"and "biological parts" constitute the first semantic hierarchy, "body parts" and "plant parts" constitute the second semantic hierarchy, The thesis’s main body divided into four parts:In the first part, to define "homologous words" on the basis of previous studies and distinguish between two confusing term,and gave the definition of "homologous words" of myself.We hold opinion that the term of specification is very important for language study. It is helpful for language learners to master the theoretical knowledge and do the language study.In the second part, through the concrete analysis of corpus, investigating the semantic relation of homologous words. We summarized 10 kinds of semantic type, including whole to part, the same body relation, hyponymy, homogeneous inter-relationship, synonymy approximate relationship, opposite relation, layer of semantic relations and so on,then study the semantic relationships of various types homologous words in detail description, statistics and analysis.The third part is the quantitative statistics and comparison analysis of various homologous words, analyzing the semantic relations and their distribution characteristics in each type of homologous words deeply. We found that the distribution of the most of the semantic type is the hyponymy and homogeneous inter-relationship, this proves the meaning system and concept system of homologous words is related closely.The fourth part, on the basis of above research, analyzing the semantic paradigm’s characters of homologous word,it has five type paradigm characteristics:categories-level, material, co-reference, and self-similarity; And a preliminary analysis of the cause of the semantic paradigm, it’s related to reality and people’s cognition, at the same time, philosophy, logic,thinking and the development of the language itself are also closely related.