Research On The Concept Of The Philosophy Of Logic

The discussion related to the concept is a basic issue of the discipline of logic. The domestic and foreign research of the concept is not unified. The popular opinions about the concept generally exist in the traditional formal logic, paying attention to the intension and extension of the concept, which are considered that there is a kind of relation of inverse proportion between the two; and even some scholars realized that the intension and extension of the concept is not static, and that the relation of inverse proportion is also finite, that is, should it be said to be absolute, it would be wrong. Some foreign scholars also support this view, even earlier than the domestic scholars to begin the exploration on it, such as the Hungarian scholar Bella Fogaras and the German scholar G Klaus etc. However, there are many more foreign researchers who do not focus on the division for the intention and extension of the concept when considering the concept, even holding a critical attitude to this view. So, what is exactly the concept? What is the distinction for the intension and extension of the concept based on? Is the concept entity?Referring to the domestic and foreign literature, the else related ideas that those scholars, aiming at the issue of the concept, differ from the view that the study on the concept focused on the division of the intension and extension, have not been systematically hackled, compared and integrated. And thus many students majoring in logic don’t have an overall grasp for the discussion of the concept, which is the fundamental question of the discipline of logic, and most of them are limited to the popular domestically, even monopolistic and the only proposition. As a result, this is exactly the significance and characteristic of this study now established, hoping to emphasize the difference on the definition of the concept between contemporary logic and traditional logic.This paper mainly employed literature research, systematic analysis, comparative analysis and the method of induction, with which the thought about the concept of the domestic and foreign could get systematically classified, compared, analyzed, and integrated. Through comparing a variety of different definitions of the concept in the foreign and domestic literature of logic, sorting out and comparing the different opinions with regard to the relationship of the concept and the entity, especially comparing the views of the traditional formal logic and contemporary formal logic, it is possible to understand the differences between the modern logic and traditional logic from the aspect of the theory of the concept, and thus forming a comparatively systematic paper with regard to the concept. The thesis will be composed of the following parts:The first chapter is the introduction. This chapter mainly introduces the origin of the topic, that is, the reason why discusses the theory of the concept and the significance exploring the related thought of the concept in the philosophy of logic; and it will provide a simple classification on the current situation of the domestic and foreign research about the concept, and the research methods and train of thought employed by this article.The second chapter discusses the theories about the concept of the traditional logic. This chapter will first look back on the understanding for the concept of Aristotelian Syllogism and its philosophical issues involved, including the difference between particulars(individuals) and universals(classes);7 and then it’s going to retrospect again the discussion on the intension and extension of the concept of China from 1979.The third chapter discusses the theory of the concept of modern logic. This chapter will be divided into two parts: one is on Frege’s thoughts about the concept, especially the discussion of the concept and function, also the concept and object, which will involve the divergence of Frege and Husserl, and his viewpoint on the division of the intension and extension of the concept. The other is going to elaborate and give a further explanation, development and promotion to the hierarchy theory of the concept of Dummett, to make the relationship of the concept and object more explicit.The fourth chapter will expand the discussion on whether the concept is the entity. It is all involved for this question from Aristotle to Frege, represented by Quine in contemporary philosophy.The fifth chapter is the summary and conclusion of this article. Through the systematic comparison on the discussion from the different perspective of the concept, we can compare the difference of the theory of the concept between the traditional logic and contemporary logic. At last, we’ll give a further promotion for the hierarchy theory of the concept.