Theoretical And Empirical Research On Evaluation Of People’s Livelihood And Welfare With Chinese Characteristics

During the market-oriented reform process of more than 30 years, the implementation of institutional innovation placed greater emphasis on efficiency. As a result, economic development was promoted and people’s living standards were improved. However, at the same time, the problems of large income gap and employment have not been resolved, and the problems such as class differentiation and conflicts of interest, the incomplete urbanization of population began to appear. The reasons are too much emphasis on the economic performance of institutional innovation and the ignoring of fair guide and social performance in the efficiency-oriented non-equilibrium system reform and development. Specific policies deviated from two basic principles of socialism:the productive forces developed, while didn’t achieving common prosperity. And lead to the conflicts that are not conducive to the improvement of people’s livelihood and harmonious development of economics and society. In recent years, the concept of "people-oriented development" has been widely accepted, and scholars paid more attention to people’s livelihood and welfare. The party and the government also revised the original development goals and treat the building of people’s livelihood and welfare as an important goal of economic and social development. Report to the 18th National Congress of CPC set a stated goal to build a well-off society in an all-round way in 2020. With this context, in the actual situation of our country, the establishment of a comprehensive, objective evaluation system of the people’s livelihood and welfare is urgent and unparalleled important. By means of this system, we can understand the basic condition of people, realize the development gap, and ensure individual’s all-round and free development from the basic needs.There is some controversy on the definition of the content of people’s livelihood and welfare, but the aspects of human survival and development are always contained in the concept. Starting from the individual’s survival and development, I defined people’s livelihood and welfare on living conditions of people and capabilities of life, with two characteristics of historical and hierarchical. In the current historical stage of development, the importance of livelihood and welfare related to survive is continuously reducing, while the content associated with human development becomes more and more important. In the research, treated the broad masses of the people as the benefit subjects of livelihood and welfare evaluation, this paper selected evaluation index and built the people’s livelihood and welfare evaluation accordingly. In order to avoid subjectivity on weights determination of indexes, and refrain from the method that beyond economic connotation because of the excessive mathematicization and vulgarization, the interval weight method was used to determine the index weights, while the basic index weights was work out by AHP. And this paper used the weights to evaluate people’s livelihood and welfare of the provinces of our country. Finally, on the basis of the above analysis, I made a few suggestions for the modernization of the livelihood and welfare orientation and people’s livelihood and welfare evaluation.