Study On The Relationship Between The Early Kuomintang Theorists And The Marxism

At the end of the 19th century and the early of 20th century, China was at the crossroads of the social transformation. Since the beginning of the Opium War, the western industrial civilization in succession has helped topple the eternal dignity of the Chinese Empire from the military, economic, political and cultural invasion of China, ending the closed state of the Oriental farming civilization. Especially after the war with Japan and the Eight Power Allied forces invading China, the problem of saving the nation from subjugation placed in the front of the Chinese people. During the period of the democratic revolution process, China revolutionary party is on behalf of the early nationalist theorists to explore the road of saving the nation on the basic of understanding the Marx doctrine, as they are advanced intellectuals, aware of the scientific system and other different theories in the theory of Marx understanding, and they selected the helpful and available part of Marx Theory based on their own needs. They also established newspapers and magazines and other publicity of the Marx doctrine, and the use of the basic principle of the Marx doctrine of Chinese social and historical issues, for the people to facilitate the simultaneous solution of the Marx doctrine has laid a theoretical foundation for the first KMT-CPC cooperation, promoting the development of the national revolution.The paper studies the relationship between the early Kuomintang theorist and the Marxism from three perspectives. Part I analyzes the four reasons of the early Kuomintang theorist spreading Marxism, including the domestic and the foreign political factors, the economic factors in the development of early national industry and commerce, the cultural influence of Chinese traditional culture and Japan as well as the needs of Kuomintang theorist. This part also divides the spreading process into four stages, the spread before the May 4th Movement, the spread during the May 4th Movement, the spread in the first cooperation period of Kuomintang and the Communist and the decoupling with Marxism to introduce the spread of Marxism among the early Kuomintang theorist in different stages.Part Ⅱ introduces the understanding and evaluation of the early Kuomintang theorist on the Marxism including the understanding and evaluation on the nature and meaning of Marxism.The understanding and criticizing on the class struggle theory includes the agreement and disagreement of class struggle, the understanding and evaluation on the theory of surplus value and the theory of Scientific Socialism, so as to clearly demonstrate and evaluate the main points of view of the early Kuomintang theorist on Marxism.Part Ⅲ mainly elaborates the influence of Marxism on Sun Yat-sen, Liao Chung-kai, Hu Han-min and other Kuomintang theorist as well as the influence on the early policies of Kuomintang. But Hu is special, who is to anti Marxist Road at the later stage, but the fact that Hu in the history of the early Kuomintang had as a theorist of the Kuomintang propaganda of Marxism can not be denied.Under the influence of Marxism, Sun Yat-sen criticized the capitalist system deeply and developed the three principles of the people after absorbing the socialist view, and he also learned from the Russian and put forward the study that social problems should start from facts; Liao Chung-kai acquired new understanding of the socialism, the masses and the revolutionary army; Hu Han-min used Marxism to study China’s history and social problems while upheld the historical materialism. The influence on the policies of Kuomintang includes the influence on the formation of the three principles of the people and the new ones as well as the influence on the three policies of united Russian, the Communist Party and the peasants and workers. The influence of Marx, Zhu Zhi-xin was yearning for communism and formed his own social revolution ideas and the mass viewpoint..Early theorist of Kuomintang in the spread of Marxism made a historical contribution, but there are some limitations and their understanding of Marxism has some problems.They has not been able to comprehend the Marxism thoroughly and the overall understanding is just superficial, not systematic; In the Marxist propaganda, they do not grasp the essence of Marxism and some misunderstandings even exist in the class struggle, surplus value, scientific socialism; under the influence of Chinese traditional culture, their study of Marxism with fantasy and the classical meaning. Early stage of Kuomintang theorist of Marxism is selective and with critical, they research and spread Marxism only stay in the reference and use level, they take utilitarian attitude towards Marxism, intentionally or unintentionally misinterpreted the Marxism, did not thought from the true faith of Marxism. It’s all doomed that they can’t be the real Marxists.At present, the diversity of ideological fields in China is highlighted and outstanding, which requires us to remain the dominant position of the Marx doctrine.Studying the early Kuomintang theorist and Marxist relationship can help us learn from history, to promote the process of Marxism to the firm faith, the scientific connotation of the systematic and comprehensive study of Marxism, the social ideological trends and hot questions remain keen observation, consciously with social misunderstanding of Marxist thought of doing battle, using Marxism view and scientific method to explain the new problems.