A Study On "Married Woman" Issue

"Married Women" Issue has long been existed in the rural area of our country though Laws, such as Constitution, protection law of women’s rights and interests, rural land contracting law, have clearly written that men and women are on equal terms and women enjoy equal rights with men. But by the influence of misconception "boys are superior to girls" in the rural area and pursuit of personal interests, village organization often deprive "married women" villagers of their treatment and legal rights by so-called village regulations.Thus "Married women" group ask for defending ways which include asking all levels of government for coordination, appealing to Land Management Department, Arbitration Body, Women’s Federations, Agricultural Committee and so on, filing a suit at a people’s court or going petitions by letters, skipping or traveling to Beijing.In recent years, with the increased rural population, accelerated urbanization, intensified land exploration and growing rural collective economy, "married women "problems have lingered on around the two cores:land distribution and interest allocation and focused on land contracting right, land compensation money, collective income bonus, share earning distribution, homestead allocation etc., which becomes a main issue effecting social stabilization, rural economic development and a new socialist countryside construction.Married women issue of Nanning economic and technological development zone (ETDZ)has existed for a long time. Recently ETDZ have initiated construction work of Beibu gulf science park, village Huangmaoping and Wuxu airport and taken over the most part of village land for use such as Nahong Village, Nali Village, Huangmaoping Village, Liucun Village, Gaoling Village and so on. However the married women in these villages haven’t enjoy the collective economic benefits distribution and equal treatment of villagers especially legitimate land rights and interests because of the influence of conception "boys are superior to girls" during the process of Land requisition and demolition. Women issue in Nali village, Pingrang village and Nahong village under the jurisdiction of Nahong Subdistrict Office are the most serious ones.In conclusion, the roots of married women issue have subjective and objective reasons. As for villagers and village organization, reasons mainly include:first, Feudal vices think that men are superior to women and married women have no right to enjoy property distribution; second, household registration holds that woman’s household register should be moved out if she is married off.Third, some people take village regulation against laws and turn a deaf year to government mediation and instruction; village of basic level interfere with government instruction directly or indirectly; fourth, some people take an indifferent attitude towards laws and ignore policies in front of interests; fifth, some people pursue huge interests such as land compensation, compensation for the demolition and profits bonus at the expense of married women’s interests in the name of majority.As for the functions of government at all levels, reasons mainly cover:first, government didn’t prevent this issue and intervene with it in the bud and let it go thus the situation becomes difficult to correct; second, when problem emerged, related departments do not do the duty and pass the buck to each other, which makes problem unsettled; third, administrative sections of all levels do not coordinate well and take proper measures on it; fourth, the right o f married women cannot get protected and the conflict between women and government has been intensified, so the issue becomes complicated and problem of stability has emerged by women’s petition.Fifth, the court doesn’t do any thing or only does very little for women, which makes the way to the problem more singular.At last, "married women" issue has caused harms in different aspects such as politics, economics and social ethics. Part of married women go petition over a long time, part of them collective petition, skipping petition even petition by traveling to Beijing, which caused negative effects on investment environment of ETDZ and social image of government and bad effects on stability and social orders.Married women issue not only causes survival difficulties to women as well as their relatives because of deprival of land and economic interests, but also a big burden on women for their cost for right safeguarding and judicial proceedings and increases government’s stability-controlling cost and administration cost. This issue also causes a series of harms in social and ethnic aspects, such as the loss of respect and equality between wife and husband, indifference and abandonment among relatives, hostility and exclusion among neighbors, suspicion and confrontation between village organizations and government. Nanning ETDZ has done a lot of preliminary preparation work including taking the initiative to change working attitude and methods, having human care to earn women’s trust; solving problems to gain Village cadres and villagers’ support, strengthening propaganda and guidance to make environment for solving problems, which changed the attitudes of women, village cadres and villagers, and laid a solid foundation for problem-solution.The main methods to solve "married women" issue of ETDZ are as follows: establish development zone and street special working agency; summarize the lessons from the failure, learn useful experience from success; solve " married women" issue in classification; carry out identification and qualification examination; break through difficult point-----homestead problems etc.Nanning ETZ stick to the main points, break through difficult point and successfully solve the married women problem. By the end of year 2012, ETZ has properly solved over 400 women’s problems and become the urban area which takes the lead in solving women issue and gain affirmation and praise from the leaders of Guangxi Party committee, government and Nanning municipal Party committee as well as municipal government.Nanning municipal Party committee and government ask each department of city to learn working experience of solving women issue from Nanning ETDZ and each county area to solve this issue within a definite time. The popularization of this successful experience of Nanning ETDZ plays a leading and exemplary role in city area, gets high remarks of ACWF, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning municipal Party committee and government and leads to women issue solution of 7000 families which occupies 85% of married women in Nanning city.Nanning ETDZ have got some valuable experiences during the process of women issue solution. For example, the courage to work hard and solve problem; the organization well organized and efficiently operated; the measures scientific and rational, practical and feasible; the wisdom innovative with pioneering and problem-solving spirit; the consciousness of serving the overall interests and making benefit for people and the mechanism perfect and reasonable, able to prevent trouble before it happens.