Research On The Detection Technology Of Several Common Explosives

With the continuous development and evolution of the international and domestic terrorism, a variety of complex and dangerous explosives were used to commit crimes and that posed a great threat to people’s lives and property. Fast and accurate detection of explosives had the vital role. It is important for the personnel dense place’s security work. For example, station, wharf, airport and other material dense place. It is also uesful for the test of explosive residues in the blast site. Therefore, there is an urgent need to establish a system of explosive detection.In this paper, several common explosives were divided into organic explosives and inorganic explosives. IMS, HPLC/MS, XPS and chemical analysis method were used to obtain a method of explosive detection. The main contents are as follows.(1) In the public places and emergency situations, ion transfer spectrum technology (IMS) was needed to establish a system of explosive detection. Through the experiment, the feasibility and limitation of the technology to detect several common organic explosives were verified.(2) Via high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry detecting (MS), the method of single-compound explosive detection was established. The common single-compound explosives contained RDX, HMX, PETN, TNT and so on. That met the public security’s need of suspicious objects’exact qualitative analysis.(3) In recent years, more and more explosive accidents and cases were related to the pyrotechnic composition. In this paper, the friction sensitivity, impact sensitivity, the combustion and explosion performance were studied. The results showed that:With the high friction sensitivity and high impact sensitivity, the pyrotechnic composition was easy to explode in the confined spaces.(4) According to the composition characteristics of the pyrotechnic composition, the improvised explosive device of homemade pyrotechnic composition was used in the simulation of the explosion spot. After that the explosive residues were collected. Via X photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and chemical spotting method, the detection method of explosive residue and pyrotechnic composition was established.