A Research On The Status Quo And Countermeasures Of Kindergarten Sexual Education

The sexual education for preschool children is a component part of children’s health education, but also a part of children’s wholesome personality education, so kindergarten sexual education has attracted people’s high attention. The kindergarten is an important place in the children’s life during the whole preschool period, so it is an important source for kindergarten sexual education. For a long time, the attention of individual sexual education was emphasized in adolescence, while the kindergarten sexual education is full of unique importance and significance to the development of individual physical and mental health. It is not only beneficial to preschool children to obtain scientific knowledge of sexual physiology, and is helul for children to establish the correct gender role, can help them to solve the abnormal problem in the process of sexual development. It lays a good foundation for later sex education. So it become a topic we need to study to do a good job in kindergarten sexual education for preschool children’s healthy growth.Therefore, through the literature, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 150 preschool teachers adopting the adaptation kindergarten sexual education questionnaire. According to the results of the survey, the present situation of kindergarten sexual education was investigated, also the difficulties and the reasons among the kindergarten sexual education were analyzed. Some operable countermeasures were proposed to improve the kindergarten sexual education based on the literature and the sexual education experience of domestic and foreign kindergarten.This thesis consists of four parts:The first part mainly introduced the origin of the topics and the significance of the research, including the theory value and the practice value. The studies of kindergarten sexual education domestically and internationally were summarized, also the concepts involved in this paper were defined in this part. The research strategy, which included research objectives, research contents, research methods and research process, were introduced respectively finally.The second part is the main part of the research thesis. The current situation of kindergarten sexual education was obtained preliminarily through the questionnaire survey. The present situation includes the preschool teachers’mastery of sexual knowledge, the attitude to kindergarten sexual education, the reaction to preschool children’s curiosity and behavior about sex, and the development of preschool teachers’ education in sex (the frequency, goal, content, and chosen manner of sex education). The study found that the kindergartens have realized the importance of kindergarten sexual education to a certain extent, but it lagged seriously in practice.The third part is the further research based on the investigation of the current situation in the second. The difficulties existed in kindergarten sexual education, such as the disjunction between the sexual education idea and the actual action, the shortage of sexual education quality, the constraint caused by the different age, the unilateral understanding of kindergarten sexual education content, and the improper choice of the educational method, were analyzed respectively. Besides these, according to these problems, we found the reasons of these difficulties in kindergarten sexual education combined with three cases of interviews. The main reasons are:The shackles of traditional culture, the scarcity of sex knowledge and the lack of sex education skills. At last, through the questionnaire and interview, we probed the needed help in kindergarten sexual education, mainly refers to the help of desiring to obtain sex knowledge and training the education skills.The fourth part was built based on the previous section. Learning from the good experience of both at home and abroad, summarized four operational countermeasures to improve the kindergarten sexual education. First of all, establish the principle of kindergarten sexual education—natural principle, the suitability principle and scientific principle. Second, adequately considering the age characteristics and physical and mental development of preschool children, the overall goal of kindergarten health education and the goal of kindergarten sexual education abroad, set up the four level target system of kindergarten sexual education (overall goal—the classified target of sexual physiology, sexual psychology, sexual moral—ages stage target—moving target). In addition, the social demand, the characteristics of children’s own development and the sexual knowledge should be considered synthetically. The content of kindergarten sexual education should be chosen according to the different age stages from sexual physiology, sexual psychology, and sexual morality. Finally, select the appropriate way of kindergarten sexual education (teaching activities, living activities and cultural medium).