| Unlike the rapid development of political and economic of China in nearly 30 years, childrens’ physical activity time has been significantly reduced. Although certain promotions have been took to add physical activities for children all over the world, such as the recommendation of participation in the high-intensity physical activity at least 60 minutes in everyday, but there is no significant effect. So, we need to explore the influence factors of children physical activity behavior and behavioral intention on psychological level. This study is designed for evaluate the level of some districts and counties of Shanghai teenagers leisure time physical activities(Moderate and Vigorous Physical Activity, treated with "MVPA" indicates); the differences in demography; to test the universality of planned behavior theory to next week teenagers leisure time MVPA; to study the influence of variables under the theory of planned behavior to youngsters MVPA, through ActiGraph GT3X-Plus type acceleration.This study tests the level of youngsters MVPA using acceleration, tests the behavior, attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control using scales, and analyzes the influence of the Theory of Planned Behavior to teenager MVPA using interview. ActiLife6.5 software and SPSS19.0 were used for statistical analysis.The results of the survey showed that: Firstly, the level of 353 teenagers’ leisure time MVPA aged 7-15 in Shanghai lower than the foreign teenagers. The number in school day is 12.79min/d, and in weekend is 14.10min/d, the total MVPA is 15.27 min/d. Boys participation time is longer than girls no matter in school days, weekends and the total MVPA, and boys have higher intention to participate in physical activity and longer participate time. The participate intention and the perceived behavioral control in low grade are higher than senior grade which influence their MVPA participation. The level of participation in low grade is higher than senior grade.Secondly, teenagers MVPA behaviors were impressed by behavioral intention and were promoted by behavioral attitudes, perceived behavioral control, behavioral attitudes, subjective norms and behavioral intention were significantly correlated with behavioral intention. In the control of demographic variables, TPB model could explain 11.0% of adolescent moderate which were defined as ―moderate impact‖. Behavioral intention is an important predictor for TPB; behavioral attitude and perceived behavioral control are important predictor for behavioral intention, which explain the 33.3%variance of behavioral intention.Thirdly, according to the analysis of four elements in TPB showed that: the majority of teenagers have MVPA intention in their leisure time. The top three to promote the level of MVPA are hobbies, physical fitness and reach the standards of Physical Education Curriculum; Although teenagers have positive evaluation of physical activity, behavioral attitude has weak influence on physical activit yparticipation, which showed teenagers MVPA were greatly influenced by self-belief to a certain extent. Subjective norm: 1. At the level of family support, teenagers are influenced by parents profoundly, mostly by company, talk and support, most of them will participate more physical activities if they get the encourage from their parents, and they also hope they can participate together. 2. Friends mainly give support by accompanying, talking and sharing sports experience, some teenagers express they prefer to challenge high level motor skill participants. For the gender impact of physical activity, the factors that they don’t participate with the opposite sex together focused on skill differences and differences in terms of project selection. The supporters that gender factors don’t affect the physical activity have the same interests and hobbies. 3. PE teachers support students to participate in physical activities mainly by verbal encouragement, exercise recommendations and skills transfer. PE teachers’ support have great influence on the Positivity of students physical activities. Perceived behavioral control: the negative factors about physical activities for most students are academic pressure, no time and bad weather; the positive impact factors are convenient venues and facilities, material support and motor skills, good weather. Outside the framework of theory of planned behavior, factors that influence teenagers participating physical activities are personality, mood, self-confidence and their negative physical condition.Fourthly, there are four-point proposal: one is leading teenagers to correct understanding of young people’s physical activity, inspiring their motivation and interest to participate in physical activity. Another one is parents should be words and deeds, encouraging and accompanying teenagers to participate in physical activities. The third one is community should attach importance to the development of leisure sports education, and community organization activities should fit teenagers’ interests. Strengthen the effectiveness of "30 minutes Sport" to promote adolescent physical activity participation; Last but not the least, the reform of school sports should focus on what they have learned on class extend to the use in leisure time. |
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