Development Of Electrical Fire Intelligent Pre-warning System

Recent statistics of fires show that electrical fire accident rate has been increasingyear by year which has become one of the major disasters that threaten people’s lives andproperty safety．How to carry out effective monitoring of electrical fire，detect a fire hazardearlier and avoid electrical fire accidents is a problem which needs be to addressed incurrent electrical fire monitoring area．Currently，there are two types of national standard electrical fire detectors，residualcurrent and temperature monitoring electrical fire detector．However，residual currentelectric fire detectors can only detect leakage current and not able to prevent short circuit，overloading and other issues effectively．Besides，it has the same function of the leakageprotection device installed per state regulations，resulting in some waste of resources． Inaddition，aged wires for ground insulation may deteriorate，resulting leakage current，whenthe residual current detectors may do some unnecessary malfunctions．However，the alarmthreshold principle of temperature monitoring electrical fire detector is when the collectedtemperature exceeds the set，alarm is triggered，and generally it uses PT100temperaturesensor．For PT100lacks analog-to-digital conversion，thus increasing the burden on theprocessor，which leads lag of discovery and handling of dangers．Finally，the price ofPT100is too high，which is a large spending in large-scale monitoring system．Therefore，the design of intelligent electrical fire warning system in this paper proposed a method tocarry out an "early warning" electrical wiring fire hazard analysis approach throughchanges of temperature．Through monitoring temperature changes of the protected lines，converting the temperature changes into data for contrastive analysis and pre-judgingabnormal situations，we can find the abnormal situations in time thereby reduce thepotential threat．This intelligent electrical fire warning system designed in this paper is composed bythe lower machine (electrical fire monitoring equipment)，the upper machine (PC machinemonitoring and control terminals) and DS18B20digital temperature sensor with whichcomes analog-to-digital conversion． The hardware of the electrical fire monitoring equipment adopts STM32F107microprocessor based on ARM inner core which receivesand shows data collected by temperature sensor to achieve early warning functionindependently through setting the threshold value and intelligent analysis capabilities，andcommunicates through the RS-485bus way with the control terminal of the uppermachine．PC monitoring software provides a good interactive interface and reflects thereal-time site running in the way of temperature as well as performs data analysis throughtrend algorithm，thus achieves alarming function under joint work of the upper and lowermachines．This system can make up for the defects of electrical fire monitoring system in themarket，improve the whole alarming ability of electrical fire thus achieves the goal of morerapid alarming，cheaper price and safer use of electricy．...