Exploration And Governance Of High Income Of State-owned Monopoly Industries

The reform of economic system provides effective system premise for the high economicgrowth, and make the fast development of economic and socity.The overall level of the residents’income have improved rapidly. But behind the prosperity with contradictory highlight,accompanied with its system reform of the incentive mechanism and the change of the distributionsystem,will inevitably lead to the evolution of the pattern of income distribution. Gini coefficientin our country for dozens years has exceeded the international alert level. Residents’ incomedistribution gap has a tendency to expand. The income gap between different industries, especiallythe monopoly industries and other low-income industryies’ income gap is especially striking.The analysis with1978-2012industry income gap shows that the industry income gap iswidening absolutely, but relative difference presented the first drop (1978-1991), after risingsteadily (1992-2001), and then rapidly rising (2002-2012) of u-shaped trend.According to theincome sorting the results of the analysis of industry of our country since1978, has thecharacteristics of high labor intensity of post industry gradually withdrew from the highest-paidindustry ranks, and some of the old worker salary is not high, but has higher levels ofnationalization of industry, such as the financial insurance industry and high technology contentindustry, such as scientific research and comprehensive technical services, informationtransmission, computer and software) is gradually into the top three ranks. Analysis the differenceof state-owned monopoly degree and the content of human capital is the main factor of industryincome gap, but caused by the differences of human capital industry and accepted by the public,the income gap is reasonable and the industry monopoly caused by the income gap of industry unreasonable income gap is the most main factor. Monopoly industry in our country is mainlymanifested by the state-owned monopoly caused by administrative power.The reasons of State-owned monopoly industries’ high income are: state-owned monopolyindustries through the market position to obtain huge monopoly capital, through the low profitafter tax pay more to make the most of the retention of the monopoly rent within the enterprise,and rely on the internal distribution of benefit sharing mechanism of owner absence, the monopolyrent in internal sharing, its high wages. Its high income has violated the basic distribution system,in which the mainly distribution according to work and combining with the principle ofdistribution of factors of production, at the same time, the price monopoly caused social operationhigh cost and low efficiency, and causes huge loss of social welfare.Public ownership as the mainstay of economic development model determines that it is impossibleto release monopoly industry completely.It’s position is not easily to be shaked and changed.Considering real obstacles, to change the monopoly industries should from the following twoaspects:on the one hand, by some measures so that it is unable to get high profits. Includingperfect monopoly price mechanism and introducing competition.According market power tomake the monopoly price and income under the action of rationalization;On the other hand, takemeasures to make huge profits, cannot be converted into industry revenues, by perfecting theafter-tax profits to pay high profits retained within the enterprise, through enterprise internaldistribution standards, strengthen the external supervision, the internal governance behavior ofsharing profits and supervision, make its income in the hand of regulation under the action ofrationalization.