Research On Industry Hollowing Out Among The Developed Countries

From 1960 s to the 1970 s, the industrial center of the developed countries, such as Liverpool, Manchester, Ruhr, Saar, Detroit, Pittsburgh, Chicago, Lorraine, Liege, etc. The industrial economy of these places had declined, the common phenomenon is that, the general population decline, the employment fallen, unemployment rate was very high, poverty had become more seriously. Due to these places in the traditional industry had been transferred out, the phenomenon of economic depression had been appeared, the factory equipment which had been abandoned was rusty, also known as "rust belt", this phenomenon is the first description of the regional industry hollowing out. In the 1980 s, due to the strong dollar and the weak yen, the iron, steel and automobile electronic products of Japan had been greatly sold in the U.S. market, the people of United States began to study the issue of why strategic industry downturn, making the problem of industry hollowing out become a hot issue, people began to talk about the manufacturing industry hollowing out in the national level. In 1985, after the United States forced Japan to sign "plaza accord", there has a rapid rise in the yen, the foreign direct investment of Japan is growing faster, the manufacturing production bases of Japan have been quickly transferred to overseas, the Japanese began to concern about the bad influence of the foreign investment and industrial relocation. After the 2008 financial crisis, the United States formulated "the strategy of reindustrialization ", the German formulated "the industrial strategy of 4.0", trying to regain the status of manufacturing power. At the same time, the industrial structure adjustment of China have accelerated, and the foreign direct investment has a high growth trend, a part of the reason is the backflow of foreign manufacturing in developed countries, which makes us have to be more concerned about the problem of industry hollowing out. The focus of this thesis is: under the background of economic globalization, trade and investment liberalization, if it really happened industry hollowing out in developed countries? Is the trend of Industry hollowing out an inexorable law governing economic structure evolution, or the failure result of the nation’s economic policy? What economic theory or policy problems that economic globalization and industry hollowing out can lead to us. How should we respond to the economic globalization under the background of hollowing out?At first, this paper generalizes the meaning of industry hollowing out and defines the meaning of industry hollowing out in this thesis; Secondly, using a large number of official statistics shows the trend of industry hollowing out is really and objectively; Third, using qualitative and logical analysis to analyze the reason and the influence of industry hollowing out in developed countries; Finally, the summary of this paper discusses the theory and policy problems of industry hollowing out may bring to China and its enlightenment to China. There is a lot of research achievements in industry hollowing out, but this thesis paid more attention to what the industry hollowing out may cause in theory and policy implications of macroeconomic management and its enlightenment to our country, to ensure a long-term economy prosperity of China.