A Comparative Study Of China And The Soviet Union On Economic Structure Reform

In the 70s and 80s of the 20th century, internationally, peace and development have become the theme of the times, and the new technology revolution have promote the process of globalization. Peace and development has become the main objective of governments. In this context, China and the Soviet Union are faced with the task of economic structure reform. China experienced a decade-long calamity, institutional ills, everything was undone; the Soviet Union underwent the era of Brezhnev reform, the system had been inflexible, economic stagnation, before Gorbachev came to power, everything was difficult to change. In short, reform have been imminent, but the content of the reform between this two country has a big difference, so does the results of reform.In terms of the guiding ideology of reform, China has always been uphold Marxism-Leninism as the guiding ideology, which provides intellectual support for the smooth reform. Gorbachev is always upholding "humane and democratic socialism" as the guiding ideology, gradually deviated from the Socialist road. On the strategic steps of reform, China takes rural reform as the breakthrough in a progressive steps, gradually changing the living conditions of the people, and restoring the economic production. Gorbachev takes heavy industry as the breakthrough in a radical steps, exacerbated the imbalance of the Soviet Union’s economic structure, resulting in poor economic reform achievements. On economic reform details, China unswervingly adheres to the socialist system, and gradually changed the ownership structure, distribution, and established a target model of the socialist market economic system, finally realized the takeoff of China’s economic. Gorbachev proposed "accelerated "conceived strategy and fundamental reform of economic management system, etc. It is a good start, but the direction of reform halfway turns to the political field, economic structure reform is abandoned, eventually leading to the fall of the Soviet Union, destruction of the Communist Party.The reason why the results of economic reform differ, because in the process of reform, China always adheres to the ideological line of emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts, unswervingly adheres to the basic line, correctly handles the relationship between reform, development and stability, followes the basic rule that the relations of production must adapt of productivity, and thus has made remarkable achievements. Since the Soviet Union Gorbachev introduced the wrong route, exacerbated the loss of the CPSU leadership core, serious unrealistically aggressive reform program and to seize power struggle triggered by political reform, ethnic conflicts and strike movement, damaged the Soviet reform environment, making the economic problems even more serious, unable to restore, thus creating a Soviet tragic ending.By comparing the lessons learned can provide reference and warnings for the construction and development of this socialist countries today. Comparison of China and the Soviet Union reform sparks reflections of the author, to be successful reform, strong leadership of the Communist Party is the key, stable social environment is the premise, flexible policy adjustment is the basis, for most people’s benefit is the fundamental.