Research On Rate Optimization Problem Of Taxi-pooling

As the traffic jam is getting more and more serious in the city, improving the operation efficiency of traffic resource has become a key starting point to ease the traffic problems. As an important supplement to the urban public transportation, the taxi service has become an increasing indispensable part. However, currently the operation efficiency of taxi service is low due to its own characteristics, improving operation efficiency of taxi service is a hot theoretical research topic at represent, which provides vital theoretical and practical significance.Under such background, taxi-sharing trip mode regains people’s attention. The taxi-sharing trip mode means people with different destinations share one taxi. As of now, the researches on taxi-sharing trip mode mainly concentrate in issues of sharing mode and path selection, while regarding the issue of taxi-fee allocation, few researches of less generalized significance are ever conducted. Therefore this paper, on the basis of previous researches,made in-depth analysis on the taxi-fee allocation issue, where the cooperative game theory was introduced in, a cooperative game model on multiplayer taxi-fee allocation was established, and the solution to current multiplayer cooperative game was improved which proved the necessity of the solution of multiplayer cooperative game under the condition of different numbers of participants. This paper conducted analysis in terms of three following aspects:1 Conduct analysis on the current taxi-fee allocation method, and point out the limitations of each allocation method. Firstly, we analyzed the component factor of taxi fee,on this basis, we establish the pricing model of current normal taxi service; Then according to the practical taxi-sharing condition, we made analysis on current taxi-fee allocation method,and concluded two broad types(totally four kinds) of taxi-fee allocation models based on the difference of allocation principle. The first board type is percentage-based allocation methods including percentage of shared path-based allocation method, percentage of unit mileage-based allocation method, and percentage of total fee based-allocation method; while the other broad type method is fairness-based taxi-fee allocation method. After concluding such four allocation methods, we analyzed the effects of them and compared the disadvantages of them, paving the way for the new allocation method established in the later paper.2 Establish the multiplayer cooperative game model of taxi-fee allocation issue, and improve the solution of this model. Through combining the cooperative game theories,component factors of taxi fee, and practical taxi-sharing condition, we proposed the feasibility and necessity of introducing the cooperative game thoughts into taxi-fee allocation issue.Through establishing taxi-sharing alliance, eigenfunction and taxi-fee allocation vector, we made a description on the multiplayer cooperative game-based taxi-fee allocation issue, and established an internally stable taxi-fee allocation model based on multiplayer cooperative game, meeting the conditions of collective rationality, Pareto Optimality, individual rationality, completely distribution, and union rationality. After that, we solved the model by respectively Shapley value method, core method, CGA method, MCRS method, GQP method and separable/inseparable cost based allocation method, and proved the limitations in the applications of these methods, therefore, based on the solution of origin multiplayer cooperative game model, in this paper we improved the solution of the separable/inseparable cost based allocation method, and proved its feasibility.3 We proved the necessary condition for the existence of the model solution under the condition that the numbers of passengers is varying. Since under normal condition, the solution to the multiplayer cooperative game issue does not always exist, we need to further prove the necessary condition of the solutions to the multiplayer cooperative game-based taxi-fee allocation model. In this paper, we proved the necessity of the solutions of the taxi-fee allocation model when taxi-sharing passenger number is 2, 3, or multi-person(the upper limit of passenger number is 4, due to the limited space of the taxi), and presented the necessary conditions for the existences of the corresponding solutions under different conditions, respectively.