The Research On Recognition And Measurement Of Carbon Accounting For Oil-gas Field Enterprises In China

According to Kyoto Protocol, China still has no mandatory emission reduction obligations. However, with the fast development of Chinese economy, the role that China has played in the global environment protection is becoming more and more important. So China will be forced to reduce emission in the near future. Actually just before the Copenhagen Conference in2009, we already promised40%to45%reduction in carbon emission before2020. In order to keep our words, we have already set out to develop the CDM in China and tried to start up the Carbon Emissions Trading Market based on the CDM. In2013, the formal operating of several Carbon Emissions Trading Markets made this year the first year of carbon emissions trading in China. The oil-gas field enterprises are among the most important parts of Chinese economy with high energy consumption and high pollution. During the operating, large amount of greenhouse gases are exhausted or leak. As a result, it is very necessary to study the carbon accounting for the oil-gas field enterprises to control the carbon emissions and develop the low carbon economy in China.Since the global warming drew the attentions, the carbon accounting has been raised all around the world. It was first proposed by American professors in2008. However, the time it came to China was later and most of the study on it is according to the achievements abroad. This paper is devoted to the survey on recognition and measurement of carbon accounting for oil-gas field enterprises in China, because confirming the recognition and measurement is the premise of good accounting work. This paper is trying to work out the theoretical basis and framework of recognition and measurement, combining the existing achievements in the study on carbon accounting with the characteristics of oil-gas field enterprises in China. And the results may be helpful for the applying of carbon accounting in oil-gas enterprises in China.First of all, this paper makes a literature review. Although there still are different arguments about carbon accounting, the system of carbon accounting has already mostly formed. What’s more, some foreign scholars have studied the carbon accounting applying in the foreign oil-gas field enterprises. But there are only some scholars did some research on the low carbon development in oil-gas field enterprises in China. Then this paper does some investigations on the theoretical basis and framework of recognition and measurement. These two parts contain definition, connotation, theoretical support, principles and influencing factors. At last, this paper takes a deep insight into the oil-gas enterprises in China and studies on the recognition and measurement combining with the practical operation process. According to the paper, the operating process related to carbon emission can be separated into three parts: carbon exhausting, carbon sink and carbon emissions trading. On the one hand, the recognition is elaborated in the order of carbon assets, carbon liabilities, carbon owner’s equity and carbon profit and loss. On the other hand, the measurement is elaborated in the order of measurement attributes, units of measurement and method of measurement.In a word, this paper presents the theoretical basis and framework of both traditional accounting and carbon accounting, and gives a comprehensive exposition to the characteristics of operating in the oil-gas field enterprises in China. Furthermore, it finally does an survey on recognition and measurement on carbon accounting for oil-gas field enterprises in China based on the studies before. And this can give some advices to how to find the balance between the realization of profit and the environment protection in oil-gas field enterprises in China.