Research On Agricultural Technology And Extension In Boli County

The agriculture of China faces many challenges, such as increasing scarcity of agriculturalresources, deteriorating ecological environment, decreasing arable land, lagged agricultural science andtechnology extension. The basic outlet of agricultural development is science and technology, andestablishing a flexible, efficient, and farmers’ satisfied agricultural science and technology servicesystem (ASTSS) at the grass-roots is a key to the development of modern agriculture. This paperselected Boli County of Heilongjiang province as a case to study agricultural science and technologyextension. It is very important for both research on agricultural science and technology extension theoryand participation in the construction of ASTSS.This study has methodologically adopted questionnaire survey, document analysis, comparativeanalysis and the case analysis. In this study,150questionnaires were distributed to farmers by random,which contained46.6%of the total number of villages in Boli. The60questionnaires were distributed toagro-technician, which contained79.8%agro-technician in Boli. Through surveys, interviews, anddiscussion carried out in Boli County’s ASTSS, it was found that there existed many problems, such asthe insufficient funds, low quality of working team, unreasonable structure of team, lack of scientificpersonnel mechanism, imperfect service system and etc. On the basis of comparative analysis amongUnited States, Japan and other developed countries, this paper found out the enlightenment about theoperation patterns and security mechanisms. Meanwhile, this paper chooses the peasant technician ofBoli as the typical cases, and definition and research the concept and basic theory of agricultural scienceand technology extension.This paper elaborates the model of agricultural technology integrated service station in thevillage-level as “service station, farmer, and field”, to establishment of agricultural technologyintegrated service station at village level, choose the a key scientific and technological example farmer,and build a agricultural sci-tech exemplary base. The service stations of village level could operate bymarket, for supporting agricultural materials and technological services. To ensure the operation of theservice stations of village level, the agricultural technology and extension center could set up theassociation of agricultural technology and extension, and the agriculture association could set up theevaluation committee of new technology application. The association of agricultural technology andextension is responsible for selecting new technologies, varieties and new products for field trialdemonstration, the evaluation committee of new technology application evaluations of the pilotdemonstration projects. By evaluating products and technologies, finally the village-level station offeredintegrated services of agricultural technology to farmers. Thus, the quality of agricultural products couldbe ensured and the incidents of damaging farmer’s interests would be avoided. And this paper putsforward some thoughts and countermeasures for the construction of Agricultural Technology ExtensionSystem in Boli County, suggested that the government should enhance the financial input, raise thequality of the technicians, build the multiple scientific service system, set up an exchange platform ofagricultural science and technology information and training new occupation farmer. The main innovative research work of this paper was offered the operation mode and mechanism of agriculturaltechnology integrated service station of village level, and provides a basis theoretical for how to buildthe village level agricultural technology service organization, through the improving agriculturaltechnology extension systems by perfect the county-level, strengthen the township-level, and establishvillage-level.