The Comparative Study Of The Behaviors Of Competition And The Behaviors Of Competitive-Cooperation In International Trade

International trade is the study of "win-win cooperation" in economic theory, butAlthough win-win cooperation is the principle of international trade, its empiricalindicators are all based on the concept of competition, such as the terms of trade index,trade specialization coefficient index. This problem that the theory of "win-wincooperation" and the competitive indicators are opposite will be the main issue in thispaper."Win-win cooperation" in international trade is a coexistence of cooperation andcompetition, but many of the existing theoretical research is to study the issue ofinternational trade from a single perspective of cooperation or competition. Althoughsome theory model includes the idea of cooperation and competition coexist, thesetheories don’t explain the relationship clearly between cooperation and competition,and ultimately they are treated as theory based competition.Based on the above understanding of the theory, scholars based on the ideas ofcompetition when they design indicators, and indicators reflects the "win-wincooperation" are mere. Some indicators have been misunderstood, such as tradespecialization coefficient index (trade balance/trade total).The total volume of tradeof a country reflects its behaviors of competitive-cooperation in the international trade,and its balance of trade reflects its behaviors of competition, and the ratio of balanceand total volume as its relative strength of competitive behavior to the behavior ofcompetitive-cooperation. Obviously the ratio can’t reflect the competitive advantageof a country or a region, but the relationship between cooperation and competition ofthe two countries.To the problem existed between the theories and empirical indicators, in thispaper, basing on the theory of competitive-cooperation, we combed cooperativebehavior and competitive behavior of existing theory of international trade andsummed up the characteristics of the behavior of competition and competing ininternational trade in detail. We treat the total volume of trade of a country as itsbehaviors of competitive-cooperation in the international trade, and its balance oftrade as its behaviors of competition, and the ratio of balance and total volume as itsrelative strength of competitive behavior to the behavior of competitive-cooperation.In this paper we studied the evolution of three indicators of top40economies oftotal volume of trade in2012and several typical countries specifically, China, USAand Germany, and compared them with traditional empirical indicators. Afterstudying, we come to the following conclusions: the ratio (balance to the totalvolume of trade) of the economies with more total volume of trade will more close to 0, meaning that they tend to be more balanced international trade; the ratio ofdeveloped economies will be more stable to the developing economies, namely theirforeign trade is relatively stable; all of the three typical countries will develop towardsto trade balance; financial or economic crisis will do self-repair to trade imbalances.