The Evolution Of The International Pricing Pattern And Analysis Of The Pricing Right On Bulk Stock

According to the Ministry of Commerce of the people’s Republic of China, the bulk stock mainly refers to the commodity entering the field of circulation, but no retailing, mainly including energy and chemicals, basic raw materials, and agriculture products. For bulk stock, the strength of the right of pricing means the impact in the pricing process of the international trade. To one country, the right of pricing means the ability of making import and export price close to the price maxing consumer and product surplus.Now we have surpassed American to be the biggest country in the global trade of bulk stock. However, some departments think that the right of pricing in bulk stock of our country is weak. Now, there is an opinion in the industry that we fall into the "buy-high, sell-low" situation in the energy, raw materials and agricultural products trade in the international market because of the lack of the international right of pricing in bulk stock. As a result, our companies are forced to accept the "buy-high, sell-low" situation and the profit of our companies decreases significantly. The industrial security of the country is threatened and many companies are on the edge of merger or have been absorbed by the multinational companies an, become the weak industry. In the field of macroeconomic, the lack of the right of pricing in bulk stock will lead to the imported inflation, which will influence the continuous and healthy development of our economy.At first, make a general description to the pricing pattern, and then from the particular to the general, according to the classification of the bulk stock, discuss the evolution of pricing patterns of energy, metals and agriculture, analyze the right on pricing of bulk stock. In them, energy using crude oil as an example, the metal using iron ore as an example, and agricultural using soybean as an example. By building the dynamic price model of the pricing right on bulk stock of China, the reach combines with the pricing pattern and the right on pricing of bulk stock, and analyzes the pricing right on bulk stock of China.For the reach on the pricing patterns and the right on pricing, we can make conclusions as below.According to the pricing patterns of bulk stock, if both sides of supply and demand don’t reach the state of equalization, and the futures market of this kind of bulk stock still has some defect, if the upstream enterprise strong and the supply is small, at the same time, the downstream enterprises is small and scattered, the pricing pattern of this kind of bulk stock is deferred settlement for sellers generally. If the case is as opposite, the pricing pattern of this kind of bulk stock is deferred settlement for buyers generally. When the quantity of supply and demand is small, and the supply and demand is balance, the pricing pattern of this kind of bulk is long-term contracts generally. When both of the supply and demand can’t control the market, and the supply is easy, the market is competitive, the pricing pattern is always average price. For example, the Platts index pricing after2010. When both of the supply and demand is balance, and the market is competitive, and the future market of this kind of bulk stock is mature, the price is always making the future price as the core. The future price is becoming the core of the pricing of bulk stock. According to the analysis of the right on pricing, the core element of the right on pricing of bulk stock is the balance of power of supply and demand, the structure of the industry, and the maturity of derivatives markets.According to the dynamic price comparison of bulk stock, our international rig ht of pricing in bulk stock become stronger than before, following the transformatio n of the international pricing pattern of bulk stock from negotiated pricing to pricing basis on the futures market. Our right of pricing in iron ore develops well because of the decrease of the degree of monopoly by the three biggest miners after the use of i ndex pricing. Our right of pricing in crude oil develops equally, however, as the seco nd biggest crude oil importer in the world the right of pricing in crude oil needs to b e improved. Our right of pricing in soybean remains to decrease as a whole. As a res ult of the distortion of price and unreasonable set of determine agio of the soybean f utures contracts. Meanwhile, the miss of the opportunity of pricing by our soybean tr ader contributes to the decrease of the right of pricing.The main innovation point of paper is, firstly, using quantitative method, building the dynamic price model of the pricing right on bulk stock of China, making analysis of the pricing right on bulk stock of China. Secondly, the theory method is very useful in practice.