Research Of The Evduiton Mechanism Of Industiral Cluster Based On The Economy Of Division And Transaciton Costs

With the deepening of China’s reform and opening up, the development ofindustrial cluster has become the effective way to promote economy development andoptimize the industrial structure. Since the industrial cluster formed, domesticscholars and scholars from abroad have done a lot of research about it, which hasgained great academic achievements. Many studies have shown that: industry clusterhas the advantages of scale economy effect which can produce multiplier effect. Sothis organization can improve the efficiency, reduce costs, enhance the innovationability and so on. That is to say, many people hold a positive and affirmative attitudetowards industrial cluster. If so, industry cluster should grow constantly, but that is notthe case. As it can be seen, numerous research in the investigation of industrial clusteronly see the Positive side that is the scale economy, ignore the side of negative.This is a major defects. Thus, the existing research can not give an completeexplanation about the evolution mechanism of industrial cluster, at the same time, itcannot well explain some phenomenon that are happening in the development processof industrial cluster in our country.The purpose of this article is making a new interpretation of the evolutionmechanism of industrial cluster in our country, it is based on the combination ofeconomy of division and transaction costs. At first, building a framework to analyzethe evolution mechanism of industrial cluster through drawing the track of transactioncosts and the economy of division in the rectangular coordinate system. At the sametime, the author will combine marginal analysis model with the density dependencemodel to make a interpretation of the mathematical model about the framework;Secondly, the author will make an empirical research about manufacturing industrycluster in Zhejiang province by statistical software of Eviews6.0to verify the currentsituation of the development of manufacturing industry cluster in Zhejiang province;Then, the author deduce the key factors that affect the economy of division andtransaction costs by analyzing these factors impact on industrial cluster and transaction costs, further study the role they’ve played in the evolution of industrialcluster, the author put forward some theoretical propositions by using the deductivereasoning method; Finally, verify these theoretical propositions by analyzing thePuYuan sweater, WenZhou shoe and HaiNing leather clothing industry cluster. Theresults show that:(1) The process of the formation and evolution of industrial cluster is based onthe economy of division and transaction costs, these are the two symbiotic and mutualimpact factors of dynamic change. When the division of economic effect is greaterthan the transaction costs, the scale of the industry cluster will expand; On the otherhand, the scale of industrial cluster will shrink;(2) Interpersonal relationship hasplayed a key role in process of the evolution of industrial cluster in our country,because the harmonious interpersonal relationship can effectively reduce thetransaction costs between enterprises, improve the efficiency of division of labor inenterprises. This explains the phenomenon that many companies in western makemergers and acquisitions, but Industry clusters are more common in China and eastAsia;(3) To a certain extent, environmental uncertainty affect the development ofleading enterprises in industry cluster. The increase of environmental uncertainty isbeneficial to the development of leading enterprises or relatively integratedenterprises in industry cluster, thus the transaction costs will be reduced;(4) Thecomplexity of the process or technical difficulties determine the development ofindustrial cluster in our country. The complexity of the process or technicaldifficulties from high to low cluster will tend to choose the type of Leadingenterprises+Small and medium-sized enterprises, A relatively integrated+Smalland medium-sized enterprises, Arelatively integrated.