| The fishery of our country has made great achievements for more than 30 years since the reform and opening up. But China’s marine fishery resources decrease rapidly due to various reasons such as overfishing, pollution of the marine environment and so on, especially with the delimiting and taking effect of the maritime exclusive economic zones with neighboring countries, which not only forces a large number of fishing boats to withdraw from the traditional fishing grounds, but also exacerbates the situation of excess fishing capacity and results in many coastal fishermen facing transferring jobs.Chinese government has successively issued and implemented a series of policies about supporting and promoting the fishermen transfer jobs since 1999, and these policies has achieved some successes in reducing marine fishing intensity, increasing the income of fishermen, giving the fishery areas a stable economic and social situation and so on. But there still exist some problems that the implementation effect and policy target is not consistent such as exhausting marine ecological resources, insufficient supporting funds for transferring jobs and low social protection for fishermen. The author analyzes the causes of these problems and evaluates coupling situation between the implementation effect and policy objectives of transferring job policies for Chinese coastal fishermen in order to find the deficiency of existing policies and put forward concrete suggestions according to the investigating of the actual situation of transferring jobs for coastal fishermen in Qingdao and other coastal areas.This paper mainly covers the following seven chapters:Chapter 1,the introduction part, mainly introduces the research background, the research significance, research status both at home and abroad, research ideas, methods and the basic framework;Chapter 2 discusses the basic concepts of fishermen, coastal fishermen, transferring jobs and elaborates the theories of "tragedy of common lands", "sustainable development", Marx’s ecological civilization.Chapter 3 describes and reviews the international and domestic backgrounds and policies of the coastal fishermen transferring jobs in our country. The targets of these policies are summarized as:reducing marine fishing vessels and transferring jobs, making marine fishing zero growth, stopping fishing in summer, protecting marine ecological and developing deep-sea fishing.Based on the investigation of the implementation effect of fishermen transferring jobs in Qingdao, chapter 4 expounds the general situation about coastal fishermen and the investigation conditions on transferring jobs of the fishermen in Qingdao. After that this chapter analyzes not only the achievements of double-transferring polices in Qingdao, which include the subsides for discarded fishing boat, reduction of taxes and fees in fishery, but also the mainly problems existing in fishery rights of the fishermen, skills training for transferring jobs and social security etc.Chapter 5 analyzes the coupling situation between the implementation effect and policy objectives of transferring job policies for Chinese coastal fishermen from the aspects of correspondence and deviation and explains the variance between coastal fishermen transferring jobs policy objectives and implementation effect from the aspects of sudden transferring jobs, imperfect supporting policies and single indexed.After describing the basic principles, chapter 6 puts forwards some concrete suggestions to improve our country’s transferring job policies for coastal fishermen from the following aspects:total planning of policy making; improving the access mechanism for fishery, marine fisheries management policies and regulations, transferring jobs subsidies policy for fishermen, training policy and social security system.Chapter 7, the conclusion, points out the contributions that this paper made for the study on transferring-job policies and further research direction. |
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