Research On The Dilemma And Countermeasures Of Transferring Fishermen From Fishery To Fishing Industry

The conversion of fishermen is an inevitable outcome of the transformation and upgrading of the industrial structure of the marine economy.At the same time,the conversion of fishing fishermen is a necessary choice to promote the sustainable development of fishery resources,the further development of fishery economy and the improvement of fishermen's living standard.Fisheries as a traditional industry,both to help fishermen to get rid of poverty and prosperity of the glorious history,there are intricate historical issues to be resolved.The conversion of fishing fishermen includes the contradiction between the external environment of fishery industry and the institutional mechanism of fishery industry.At the same time,the conversion of coastal fishermen should be affected by the changes of marine fishery resources and coastal fishermen 's urbanization process and other factors.The Ministry of Agriculture "double-turn" policy After more than ten years of practice,reduced ship conversion has achieved some success,but compared to expected there is still a large development bottleneck.Therefore,to carry out the fishing fishermen conversion industry research and the current situation of fisheries development has maintained close contact should be further attention and implement the policies and measures to change jobs,accelerate the progress of fishing fishermen to change jobs,increase the marine fishery economy Structural adjustment efforts,and actively learn from the useful management experience and successful practice projects,Zhoushan fishing fishermen and even China's fishing fishermen to switch jobs has a very positive meaning.Based on the theory of labor migration,the tragedy theory of the commons,the theory of sustainable development,and the theory of industrial structure evolution,this paper uses the methods of sociological empirical research,Zhoushan City,Zhoushan City,in order to analyze the causes of Zhoushan fishermen changing jobs,and put forward some countermeasures and suggestions.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Zhoushan fishermen change jobs by the international fishery system changes.With the delimitation of the system of exclusive economic zones on the sea and the establishment of the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries,the fishing space has been greatly reduced,and a lot of reductions have occurred.(2)Common analysis of fishing fishermen changing jobs.Due to the combined effects of scientific and technological progress,environmental pollution and over-fishing,the fishery industry has a serious problem of excess labor capacity,excess capacity and reduction of the cost of ship-breaking,which is still at a low level.(3)the impact of special national conditions on the conversion of fishing fishermen.Different fishery policies have played different effects on the healthy development of fishery industry in our country.At the same time,it is subject to the change of populationstructure and mechanism,which puts forward new demands to fishery industry.Combining the above analysis,we can draw the following successful experiences:(1)Actively develop the marine aquaculture industry and vigorously develop aquatic products processing industry.The Zhoushan fishing ground and the East China Sea fishery resources advantages,and actively develop mariculture,aquatic products processing industry,changing the status of inefficient fisheries industry development,vigorously develop ocean transportation and maritime transport industry,to meet the development of fisheries at the same time,expand the development of new fisheries path.(2)the positive development of coastal tourism,island recreational fisheries.Actively explore the development of tourism resources in Zhoushan Islands,the development of island recreational fisheries,fishing and ocean fishing and other recreational activities,and actively undertake fishing activities in the East China Sea fishing,etc.,to expand the fishery industry development of new ways.(3)to optimize the international exchange and cooperation space,fishery innovation talent system.Increase investment in fisheries scientific research,and actively seek to fisheries and developed countries in the field of exchanges and cooperation,promote fisheries science and technology talent system cultivation and construction,can better compensate for fisheries industry talent short board.(4)to carry out investigation and assessment of fishery resources,the implementation of quota fishing system.Actively carry out investigation and assessment of the East China Sea fishery resources,the implementation of quota fishing system(ITQs),strict catch inspection system,which can effectively control fisheries fishing behavior.(5)clear fisheries property rights management system,fostering self-discipline fisheries associations.Clarify the fishery property management system,draw clear management authority and the obligation to fulfill the boundaries,and actively cultivate self-discipline fishery association organization,build multi-constraint mechanism.(6)to accelerate the transfer of fishery labor in urban areas,the establishment of fishermen pension security system.Accelerate the transfer of fishery labor force to cities and towns in order to solve the employment problem of surplus fishery labor force and establish fishermen's old-age security system to ensure the basic livelihood of the fishermen after the change of jobs.The conversion of fishing fishermen is a result of the development of fishery economy to a certain stage.It is a necessary requirement to promote the social and economic development of coastal fishing areas,raise the living standards of coastal fishermen,maintain the social harmony of coastal fishing areas and ensure the sustainable development of marine fishery resources.The conversion of fishing fishermen is the inevitable result of the evolution of industrial structure and the dual economic development of urban and rural areas.It is the inevitable choice for the deterioration of marine ecological environment,the over-exploitation of fishery resources and the evolution of international marine fishery resource management system.The essence of fishermen 's job conversion is to solve thefishing capacity and fishery resources regeneration capacity of the problem,the ultimate goal is to achieve the sustainable use of fisheries resources,and the spatial transfer and reemployment of fishery labor resources.