| The reason that causes economic growth is from two aspects:the first is the growth of inputs, the second is the improvement of the efficiency of the input factors, which is the improvement of productivity. However, the number of elements is always relatively limited, if we want to maintain long-term economic growth, we must continue to improve productivity.GDP growth rate of China is 9% in 2005-2011, the 7%-8% in 2012-2014, a downward trend.on the one hand, the increase of the volume of Chinese economy will inevitably lead to the decline of growth rate. on the other hand, also with the economic environment and economic transformation. After the reform and opening up, Chinese economic growth is more dependent on increasing of input of factors. But Chinese competitive advantage of low cost production is about to go away, and Chinese economic growth will be forced back to the track of improving growth.The factors that affect the productivity of our country are gradually changing. First, after Chinese entry into the WTO, the export of Chinese rapid growth, export has become the engine of economic growth in china. However, the sustained and rapid growth of exports is not sustainable, especially since 2008, due to the U.S. subprime mortgage crisis triggered a new round of financial crisis has seriously affected the real economy, Chinese export growth slowed. On the other hand, due to the structure of China export trade is single, most of the export products are labor-intensive processing products with low technical level. Export volume growth and the low technology content of export products have not brought about the increase of the productivity of the enterprise itself, even the increase of the productivity of the enterprise. Secondly, technological progress is one of the most important factors that affect the productivity of the enterprise. For China, FDI technology spillover and independent research and development are considered to be the two way of China’s technological progress. Our country put forward the strategy of "market change technology", and actively take advantage of the introduction of foreign investment, while domestic R&D intensity is not very obvious. With the development of economy and technology gap, the role of FDI in the gradual change. Core technology is very difficult to overflow, so our proposed science and technology power and independent innovation strategy, by reliance on foreign technology spillover to both inside and outside, emphasizing through independent innovation, master the core technology to truly improve the competitiveness.The factors that affect productivity become more complex, and because of the difference in the industry, the mechanism and degree of impact factors in each industry are not the same. For different sectors of the domestic and foreign technology gap, exports, FDI, R&D and other impact on productivity is not the same.Therefore, the study of the factors that affect the productivity of the enterprise and the changes of the internal mechanism and the change of the productivity under different technological differences are important to our country’s economic situation.The research on the mechanism of enterprise productivity change is focused on the dynamic evolution of heterogeneous firms in the policy and market environment. Both the research of the industry level and the research of the enterprise. The background of the research on the change of enterprise productivity is to change the market environment, such as trade liberalization, the introduction of foreign capital, privatization, deregulation and the scope of the system. In this paper, some important factors such as foreign investment, import, competition, R&D and so on to analyze their impact on the productivity of the enterprise mechanism. Specific research work and conclusions are as follows:First, the model of enterprise productivity is constructed, the impact of import, foreign direct investment, research and development, market concentration and other factors on the productivity of the enterprise, and the interaction between the foreign direct investment and the competition and the market concentration degree is discussed. And then use the data from 33 industrial sectors of 2005-2009 to examine the productivity model of all industries in 2005,2007, and 2009, respectively, for three years. The results show that the technology spillover of foreign capital through the model imitation channel is decreasing year by year, and the technology spillover through the competition channel is gradually increasing, which shows that the role of foreign investment in China is changing day by day. Export strength does not increase or even hinder productivity, possibly because of our country’s export products are labor intensive and low tech products. At the same time, the market competition is conducive to the technological spillovers of foreign investment, and the research and development is conducive to the foreign capital to imitate the overflow of the channel, and the function is very important.Second, the construction of the industry and foreign capital technology gap measurement model, respectively,1999-2003 and 2005-2009 two phase of the industry panel data for statistical description, measurement of the 33 phase of the two industry and foreign technology gap, and then compare the two phase of the technology gap, analysis of the gap between foreign technology and technology gap. For the two phase of the technical gap to the industry group. The results show that the whole technology gap between domestic and foreign enterprises is narrowing, but the domestic enterprises have realized the technology in the labor intensive and the general technical industry.Third, mainly according to the third part of the group, the discussion of the various factors on the impact of different technical gaps on the enterprise productivity. In 2001,2005,2007,2009, four years of different groups within the enterprise productivity model regression. The results show that the technology spillover effect is not significant or negative, in the small technology gap industry, it is obvious that the model is not significant or positive, that is, FDI technology spillover in the small technology gap industry, and the big technology gap is less than FDI technology. |
