The Debate Of Internal And External History Of Science And The Transcending Of Post-Kuhnism

Since the 1930 s, the historiographical methods and ideas of scientific history in the field of research of international scientific history undergone many changes and controversy, in which the focus problem mostly related to the "internal history” theory and " External History” theory two traditional definition, understanding and choice. On this issue, the most domestic scholars, under the guidance of the scientific concept of logical positivism, each one pay more attention to the research tradition of the "internal history”, other of the scholars showing attention on the "External History" tradition also tend to hold a kind of "internal and external history" comprehensive vague mixing attitude. "Internal history" theory and the " External History" theory of differentiation so that each entering the history of science in the field of new researchers to be on or inside or outside of these two traditions to make a choice, and whether these two options inter is correct, this alone is already evidence of the lack of choice of traditional positivist view of science, that this choice is the science as a social institution requirements, a researcher at the beginning of truth will "watch" and before "induction", it must first make a choice between the two paradigms, and because of the existence of these difficult to explain and resolve the contradictions of the moment "internal and external history", we should seek a beyond "internal history" theory and "Unofficial History" on the new History of Science.Based on the history and external history commentators Exploration historiography, Kuhn and Merton historiography for a new architecture, and later Kuhn Marxist sociology of scientific knowledge seems to advocate a new History of Science. "Internal history" and the "Unofficial History of" opposing the premise that both traditions are to adhere to the scientific concept of positivist science "from a logic of internal" and make it "external" to distinguish. After Kuhn Marxist sociology of scientific knowledge that scientific knowledge is the product of social construction, the requirements for the content of the sociological analysis of scientific knowledge. Thus the scientific concept of starting independent social factors, purely scientific "internal" no longer exist, "the history" and "Unofficial History" boundaries correspondingly been weakened, and then come to a beyond and outside the traditional history on the History of Science in historiography methods. Under such guidance beyond the History of Science History of Science, compiled historical work and comprehensive new works, the concept of the nature and operation mode can be better explained this social institution of science, history of science also enables audiences to science the level of awareness and wider understanding improved..