Research On The Vertebrate Terminology In The Mammal Part And Scutate-animal Part Of "Wu Ti Qing Wen Jian"

“ Wu Ti Qing Wen Jian ”(formerly known as “ Yu Zhi Wu Ti Qing Wen Jian ”)is a classification dictionary that referred and written in five languages of Manchu,Tibeten,Mongolian,Uighur and Chinese during the Fifty-ninth year of Qianlong emperor(1794),Qing Dynasty.Its content involves 36 parts,318 categories,627 classes and 18671 entries of vocabularies related to social and natural science like language,literature,history,race,humanity,geography,astronomy,agriculture,animal-breeding,fauna and flora,reflecting the political,economic,social,natural and culture relationship status between the five ethnics more than 200 years ago during Qing Dynasty and has significant historical and culture value.From the prespective of zoology and animal science history,studying the terminologies of mammal part and scutate-animal part in this book can not only expand the research scope,reflect its scientific value and application value one step further,but also have important meanning for the correct and reasonable reuse,standardization and perfection of the mongolian terminologies of animal like mammal,amphibia,reptile and fish.The terminologies of mammal part(including the mammal and strange mammal of the supplement)and scutate-animal part of the third volume of the dictionary are in total 9 categories,26 classes,650 entries,counting for 3.5% of the whole.On the base of preliminary sorting-out of 650 entries 0f terminologies,using literature research,comperative research,interviewing method and textual research,this paper makes textual research and explanation to the 636 entries of terminologies of related vertebrate.The result shows : 95 entries belong to classification generic terms,respectively correspond to 3 classes,9 orders,18 families,4 subfamilies,18 genera of modern taxonomy;225 entries belong to the name of certain animal,correspond to 123 names of animal species;176 entries belong to abstract terminologies from folk legend or animals that actually doesn't exist;19 entries are failed to test;57 entries about the animal morphology are given brief explanation.The terminologies content abovementioned involve many academic field such as animal taxonomy,animal geography,animal resource,animal behavior,animal morphology and ethnic zoology,reflects the knowledge,understanding and utilization status toward those animals of the people at that time.By textual research,the mammal part refers to the Mammalia of modern taxonomy,the dragons and snakes refer to Serpentiformes,river fishes and sea fishes refer to freshwater fishes and saltwater fishes respectively.From here we can see that this dictionary has certain rationality for its roughly classification and arrangement,but for detailed classification and arrangemen t,it's not fully compliant with the arrangement require of modern taxonomy and evolution order.The terminologies correspond to class,order,family,genus are the common name of some animals that similar in morphological characteristics.Several names correspond to same animal are names that named according to age and gender.Most of the names recorded in strange mammals are abstract names of animal which doesn't exist,there are also such names in other parts.Terminologies about animal morphology are mainly about the appearance,less in internal structures.Terminologies about animal behavior are mainly description of action,less in tweeting,posture and communication among individuals.In “ Wu Ti Qing Wen Jian ”,vertebrate terminologies are many,testing and explaining these terminologies in Mongolian can not only inherit and carry forward the Mongolian traditional knowledge and culture,but also provide scientific basis for studying mongolian zoology history,especially provide reference material for teaching and research of classification,distribution,protection,utilization,morphology and behavior of vertebrate.