| In order to cope with the fragmentation of habitat fragmentation in the Yellow River basin,it is a key scientific problem to solve the habitat suitability of species.Based on the 3S(RS,GIS,GPS)technology,considering the most basic habitat conditions of the species,it is necessary to determine the suitable habitat for the survival and reproduction of the whole biological species without considering the spatial heterogeneity of the habitats of the species.It is of great significance to study the biological diversity as a whole significance.This paper analyzes the dynamic changes of landscape composition in the Yellow River Basin from 2000 to 2010 based on the dynamic characteristics of landscape composition and the dynamic distribution of landscape pattern in the 2000,2005 and 2010 of the Yellow River Basin.And then analyzes the most basic survival factors of various biological species in the Yellow River Basin,and selects the index factors such as land use type,topography,water system and human activities to construct the habitat suitability evaluation model to evaluate the overall potential habitat suitability of the Yellow River basin.Through its characteristics of time and space changes,put forward the corresponding management strategies and recommendations.(1)From the dynamic evolution of the landscape pattern,the area of forest and construction land is increasing in 2000 to 2010,while the area of cultivated land has been decreasing.Based on the landscape pattern index,the Number of Patches(NP)and Patch Density(PD)in the Yellow River Basin increased gradually,but the increase was smaller.The Landscape Shape Index(LSI)increased first and then decreased,the Fractal Dimension index(PAFRAC)and Euclidean Nearest-Neighbor Distance index(ENN)are in a superior level,but they present the declining trend during the study period.Shannon's Diversity Index(SHDI)of the whole Yellow River Basin ecosystem is gradually increasing from 1.4777 in 2000 to 1.4913 in 2010 that explains the diversity gradually turns well and the heterogeneity gradually rises.Shannon's Evenness Index(SHEI)is gradually increasing from 0.8247 in 2000 to 0.8323 in 2010.The changing trend reflects the different proportion of each element in the whole landscape reduces during the study period.The superior landscape is decreasing that presents the trend of evenness.That's because human disturbance.The major cultivated area reduces and the lesser construction area increases.Therefore,the proportion of each landscape develops equably.(2)This paper selects land use type,elevation,topographic slope,and the distance from Nature Reserve,roads and water sources as the index factors,to calculate each index factor's weights with Analytic Hierarchy Process based on Accelerating Genetic Algorithm(AGA-AHP)and build habitat suitability index model(HSI),which researches the change of habitat suitability in the Yellow River Basin from 2000 to 2010.The results show that,the greatest impact on the habitat suitability of the Yellow River Basin is the distance from Nature Reserve,the index of land use type is the second and the index of elevation and topographic slope is minimized by calculation of weight.From a whole distribution,the habitat suitability from the source and the middle reaches of the Yellow River is higher.The habitat suitability from the upper reaches of the Yellow River Lanzhou to Toudaoguai and the area around the lower reaches of Sanmenxia is lower.Based on the change trend,the overall habitat quality of the Yellow River in 2010 was better than that in 2000,and the habitat quality was on the rising.The raising habitat quality region is about 39011.69 km2,which accounts for 4.92% including the upper reaches of Hetao Plain,the middle and north-west reaches of Guangzhong Plain,the the lower reaches of the Yellow River delta.While the reducing habitat quality region is about 11831.94 km2,which accounts for 1.49% located on the middle-west reaches of Jinzhong city in Shanxi Province and the hetao plain area. |
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