Distribution Of Plankton And The Correlation Between Plankton And Water Environmental Factors In Genheyuan National Wetland Park

Genheyuan National Wetland Park,located in one of the highest latitude cities Genhe,is the most typical area in the north of the Greater Khingan Range where the forest marshes and wetlands are staggered,but the study of water ecological characteristics and plankton is currently in a blank state.Plankton distribution status of Genheyuan National Wetland Park through 9 sampling sites in spring（June）,summer（August）and autumn（October）of 2015 was researched in this study,including monitor of physical and chemical factors of water quality.Meanwhile,the correlation between plankton and water environmental factors was discussed by canonical correspond analysis in the study to provide scientific basis for the ecological protection and later development of Genheyuan National Wetland Park.A total of 6 phyla,which were identified belonging to 16 genera and 61 species and varieties phytoplankton in Genheyuan National Wetland Park,including Bacillariophyta showed great advantage,followed by Chlorophyta.The seasonal phytoplankton species number from biggest to smallest were autumn,spring and summer.A total of 24 species of zooplankton were identified,among which protozoa and rotifer were major components of zooplankton community.The seasonal zooplankton species number from smallest to biggest were spring,summer and autumn.There were great differences in the abundance and biomass of phytoplankton in each season.The average phytoplankton abundance(124.7*104 ind.·L^-1)and biomass(0.7301 mg·L^-1)of summer were significantly higher than that in spring and autumn.The average abundance(68.7*104 ind.·L^-1)and biomass(0.7130 mg·L^-1)of phytoplankton in spring showed little difference from autumn average abundance(70.5*104 ind.·L^-1)and biomass(0.7281 mg·L^-1).So do zooplankton.The average abundance(80.0 ind.·L^-1)and biomass(0.0058 mg·L^-1)of zooplanktonic in spring were low.The autumn average abundance(3426.8 ind.·L^-1)was higher than summer(1186.7 ind.·L^-1),but the average biomass(0.2083 mg·L^-1)was lower than summer(0.3099 mg·L^-1).On the whole,plankton abundance and biomass at the sampling site 1 were higher than other sampling sites because the sampling site 1 was in a lake.The number of species and biomass of plankton were both less in Genheyuan National Wetland Park because the water was weak acidic,and the park was also located in extremely cold climate zone resulting in low annual average water temperature.According to consistency of Shannon-Wiener diversity（H’）and Pielou evenness index（J’）in each sampling site of Genheyuan National Wetland Park phytoplankton,the sampling site 1 and the sampling site 7 were higher than other sampling sites,the sampling site 2 and the sampling site 8 were lower.Based on two diversity indices of each season,the water quality of the park was no pollution or light pollution.Canonical correspond analysis of water environmental factors and plankton showed that Fe3+,water temperature,pH and Cu²⁺ were the main water environmental factors affecting the structure and distribution of phytoplankton community;TN,pH and water temperature were the main water environmental factors affecting zooplankton community structure and distribution.