Research And Application Of Oil Spill Model Of Pipeline Crossing Gulf

With the development of social economy, people demand for oil energy increasing dramatically, which promoted the development of offshore oil drilling and oil transportation. The pipelines crossing the gulf convey oil from drilling platform to onshore terminals, which becoming more and more important. But in the process of oil exploration, production, transportation and storage, as well as existing the vessel traffic accidents, sunken ships oil spill, the rig leakage, damage of submarine pipeline oil spill risk, etc. Oil spill is not only a waste of resources, but also will cause great losses to social economy, damage the ecological environment and human health. Because the gulf has its certain closeness, pollutants are easy to accumulate, and the self-purification ability of gulf is poor, leading to gulf’s ecological environment more fragile.At present, most of the oil spill model and forecast system of oil spill regard the open sea as the research object, the research of the gulf is less. Compared with sea oil spilling, the gulf has its unique characteristics of water environment. Therefore, developing the versatility oil spill model system specifically for of the gulf can provide decision support for the gulf oil spill emergency response and have certain application value. The main researches of this paper were as follows:(1) The gulf two-dimensional tide current hydrodynamic numerical model. According to the hydrodynamic characteristics of the gulf, it was difficult to solve the three-dimensional hydrodynamic basic control equation, so this paper simplified it to two-dimensional tide hydrodynamic control equation. Discreted continuity equation with the finite difference method and discreted momentum equation with the finite analytic method to solve the gulf water dynamic model, making the calculation result has high accuracy, good convergence and stability.(2) The gulf oil spill model. This paper summarized oil spill models of all kinds of oil spill behaviors in the process of the dynamic migration and the adynamic weathering. This paper selected the oil spill extension, drift, evaporation and the shore adsorption as modeling objects, which were dominant processes at he beginning of the oil spill. Extension process was simulated by the improved Fay model, which combining the ellipse extension theory; Drift processs was simulated by the simplified Navy model; Evaporation process was simulated by the Fingas evaporation model, which required less parameters and was easier to modeling analysis; For shore adsorption, Lagergren secondary adsorption rate equation was used to describe the adsorption dynamics performance of different shore media(including: fine sand, clay and rubble three types) to the oil slick.(3) The development of model software system. This system ran Visual Basic 6.0 as development tool, mainly implemented the following functions: the oil spill prediction(predicted results including: the oil spill to the downstream distance, surface oil film area, oil evaporation, shore adsorption and existing oil), environmental impact assessment, decision support, data update.(4) Model validation, application and analysis. The Pearl River mouth oil spill accident in the offshore gulf was taken for example to validate model. The software simulation results were in the acceptable theory range, which preliminary verifying the applicability of the model. Model experiment scheme was given to verify the accuracy and application value of the model.(5) The oil spill prevention, control and emergency rescue. The contents of the software with the help text were for oil spill prevention, control and emergency rescue, which could be used for reference to the rescue workers...