The Study On The Technology Of Protection Measures Of Bliuhe Reservoir's Water Quality On The Riparian Zone

China is a country with lack of water resources and the per-capita quantity of water resource of China is only 1/4 of the per-capita quantity of the world. With the rapid development of economy, the contradiction of water supply in China is becoming more and more obvious. As reservoir being an important source of water supply, the water quality of reservoir is vitally important for water security especially in the north of China. The pollution coming from the riparian zone of reservoir has the characteristics of entering reservoirs easily, handing with difficulty and serious endogenous pollution, which increase the difficulties in the pollution management, thus influencing the water qualities of drinking water reservoirs. Taking Biliuhe reservoir as a typical reservoir, this paper studied on the features and countermeasures of water pollution analyses, especially the management of water environmental problems, after analyzing the water quality problems and the cause of water pollution of Biliuhe Reservoir. This paper studied on the comprehensive water quality protection technology from three aspects, namely pollution reduction, pollution control and endogenous pollution removal. Main results are as follows:(1) During the period from May 2013 to July 2015, we had investigated the water quality of Biliuhe Reservoir for two years. The analysis of water quality investigation data and historical data of water quality monitoring illustrate that the water quality of Biliuhe Reservoir was good, and it can meet the requirement of the drinking water quality, but there are still some problems in the water environment. The main problems are as the following:firstly, the TN of the water exceeds the standard and increased year by year, secondly, the TP of the water increases year by year, thirdly, the Mn exceeds the standard periodically. According to the investigation of water quality and survey results of basin water pollution, it is found that the internal and external pollution sources both damage the water quality of reservoir, and the external pollution is the main source of pollution.(2) According to the delineation of drinking water source protection zone of Biliuhe Reservoir, the paper analyzes the characteristics of internal and external pollution sources on the riparian zone of reservoir. The exogenous pollutions in this area have the characteristics of entering reservoirs easily, controlling hard, having significant influence on the sensory index of water, and etc. The internal pollution on the riparian zone has the characteristics of large sediment thickness, large amounts of solid waste and etc. The above characteristics are particularly evident in the area of the inlet of each branch. The survey result of water environment of Biliuhe Reservoir shows that there are many problems to be solved on the riparian zone of the reservoir, namely lack of treatment measures in domestic wastewater and surface water, no interception of pollutants in the inlet of each branch, the occupation of riparian zones, security threats of roads which crossing the reservoir, serious soil erosion and large amounts of sediments.(3) By analyzing the environmental problems and pollution characteristics on the riparian zone of Biliuhe Reservoir and combing with the Wetland Construction in Biliuhe Reservoir, the paper studied on the appropriate technologies of protection technologies of water quality from three aspects, namely pollutants reduction on the riparian zone, pollution control on the riparian zone and endogenous pollution removal on falling zone. Respectively, the specific measures are constructed wetland technology for reducing pollutants on the riparian zone, building isolating and buffering ecological platforms for reducing threats of roads which are crossing the reservoir, ecological slope protections for preventing soil erosion and eliminating sediments on the fall zone when the water level is low. These technologies of protection measures of water quality together constitute a complete system to protect water quality of water source reservoirs. It can provides some references to help other water source reservoirs to solve the problems of controlling water pollution, improving water quality and guaranteeing water quality safety.