The Removal Of Oxytetracycline Sulfamethoxazole And Chloramphenicol By Potassium Ferrate(?)

With the mass production and application,pharmaceutical and personal care products?PPCPs?have caused pollution in the aquatic environment,and it also has become one of research hotspot nowadays.Antibiotic is a typical PPCPs substances,China has become one of the most serious abuse of antibiotics countries in the world.Due to the poor biodegradability,antibiotics are difficult to be removed completely through conventional water treatment technologies,whilst ferrate???,a new,green and efficient water treatment agent,has good application prospects in the degradation of these compounds.The results showed that ferrate???could remove oxytetracycline and sulfamethoxazole from test solutions efficiently.Ferrate???could remove 97% OTC(from 1 mg·L^-1)in 30 minutes under the optimal conditions with solution pH of 7 and ferrate???dosage of 20:1 as a molar ratio of ferrate???/OTC.96% SMX(from 1 mg·L^-1)is removed in 45 minutes under the optimal condition which the solution pH is 7 and the ferrate???dosage of 32:1 as a molar ratio of ferrate???/SMX.Ca²⁺,CO₃^2-,PO₄^3-could inhibit the OTC degradation and its removal rate decreased with the ion concentration increased.Mg²⁺ and HCO₃^-could restrain the reaction carried out at 0.02 mol·L^-1.Al³⁺could increase the removal rate which reach to 100%.Mg²⁺,Al³⁺,CO₃^2-,HCO₃^-could inhibit the SMX degradation and its removal rate also decreased with the ion concentration increased.Humic acid could notably inhibit the OTC and the SMX removal when the concentration was more than 10 mg/L and 15 mg/L,and the inhibition increase with the increasing of the humic acid concentration.When the concentration of humic acid was less than 10 mg/L and 15mg/L,both of the removal rate would not be affected.The reactions were in line with second-order reaction kinetics and the rate constants offerrate???with OTC were 1522.7 M^-1min^-1.The rate constants of ferrate???with SMX were 423.7 M^-1min^-1.Ferrate???couldn't remove CAP from test solution.Only 25 %CAP(from 1 mg·L^-1)was removed in under the optimal condition which the solution pH is 7 and the ferrate???dosage of 32:1 as a molar ratio of ferrate???/CAP.The pH values and the dosage of ferrate???didn't have an effect on the removal of the CAP.The reactions were in line with second-order reaction kinetics and the rate constants of ferrate???with CAP were only 53.5 M^-1min^-1.Five oxidation products?OPs?were formed during CAP oxidized by ferrate???.