| The detection of clindamycin, nickel and enrofloxacin are very important due to that these substances are closely related to environment and human health. Therefore, we describe here a spectrophotometric method for the determination of clindamycin based on its induced aggregation of gold nanoparticles(Au NPs), a resonance light scattering(RLS) method for the determination of nickel based on its coordination reaction with both BSS and BPA to form a supramolecular polymer and a molecular imprinting method for the separation and enrichment of enrofloxacin. These new methods can provide reference and basis for the detection and separation of medicine and heavy metals in foodstaffs and environment.In the first chapter, firstly the significance and the research progress in analysis of clindamycin, nickel and enrofloxacin are reviewed. Then the properties of gold nanoparticles(Au NPs) are introduced. The colorimetric detection method by using Au NPs as optical probe is summarized. Meanwhile, the analytical applications of metal coordination supramolecular polymer, RLS and molecular imprinting polymers(MIPs) are also introduced.In the second chapter, we proposed a spectrophotometric method for the determination of clindamycin in pharmaceutical dosage forms by using Au NPs as optical probe. Two citrate-stabilized Au NPs were connected together by a clindamycin molecule through the strong affinity of Au NP to methylthio group and the electrostatic interaction between protonated tertiary amine group and deprotonated carboxyl group. It caused the aggregation of Au NPs and results in a color change of Au NPs from wine red to blue. The spectrophotometric method for the determination of clindamycin was developed based on the induced aggregation of Au NPs. The absorbance at 675 nm is linearly related to the concentration of clindamycin in the 0.1 to 1.4 ?mol/L range, with a 0.030 ?mol/L detection limit under optimal conditions. The method has been successfully applied to analyze clindamycin in tablets and injections with recoveries between 99.0% and 102.8%.In the third chapter, the formation of a Ni(II) coordination supramolecular polymer was studied for Ni(II) detection by RLS method. BSS and BPA were prepared for the construction of the supramolecular polymer. In a procedure of Ni(II) detection, Ni(II) reacted with BSS and formed a binuclear Ni(II) complex. The binuclear complex then self-assembled with BPA to form the supramolecular polymer, resulting in a production of strong RLS signal. The amount of Ni(II) was detected through measuring the RLS intensity. Under optimal conditions a linear range was found to be 1 to 60.0 ng/m L with a detection limit of 0.3 ng/m L. The method has been successfully applied to determine nickel in water samples the recoveries of 99.0?106.54%.In the fourth chapter, we synthesized enrofloxacin surface molecular imprinted polymers(ENRO-SMIPs) and studied its adsorption property. The SMIPs was synthesized by using triethoxyvinylsilane modified silica particles as carrier material, enrofloxacin as templet molecule, methacrylic acid as monomer and Ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate as crosslinker. The equilibrium adsorption experiment indicated that ENRO-SMIPs has significantly higher affirnity and adsorption selectivity for ENRO. Scatchad analysis revealed that two classes of binding sites were formed in ENRO-SMIPs with the dissociation constants of 1.623×10-4 and 8×10-4 mol/L, and the maximum affirnity binding sites of 197.7 and 350.9 ?mol/g, respectively. Kinetics binding experiment showed that ENRO-SMIPs reached saturation adsorption at 120 min.The selectivity of ENRO-SMIPs suggested that ENRO-SMIPs had remarkable selectivity and site accessibility for ENRO compared to ofloxacin. |
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