Preparation And Electrochemical Performance Of Conducting Polymers And Conducting Polymers-based Composites

Conducting polymers?CPs?have been widely used owing to the potential performances in the field ofenergy storage materials since they were found,especially as electrode materials of supercapacitors.It is noteworthy that the remarkable electrochemistry performance,simple preparation process and lower costs play very important parts.However,single CPs still have some shortcomings as electrode materials such as rapid attenuation of capacitance in the process of charging and discharging,low electrochemical efficiency and poor cycle stability.In recent years,the CPs-based composites with other materials have been one of the effective ways to solve these problems.Generally,carbon or inorganic semiconductor materials are used as the matrix materials,such as graphene oxide?GO?and molybdenum sulfide?MoS₂?,to obtain composites by physical blending or in situ oxidative polymerization with CPs.This kind of composites may put the outstanding propertiesof the two single components in combination owing to the conjugative effect,as a result,the performances of the composites are superior to that of the two materials,for example,environmental stability,energy utilization efficiency,electrochemical property,etc.The main contents of this paper are introduced as follows:1.PANI and homogeneous PANI-GO nanocomposites were synthesized successfully by an in situ polymerization in a redox system that ferrous chloride?Fe Cl2?and cumene hydroperoxide?CHP?acted as oxidant and reductant,respectively.In the prepared process of PANI-GO nanocomposites,we explore the effect of different mass ratio of aniline and GO on the materials structure and electrochemical properties.The best results were obtainedwhen the mass ratio of aniline monomer and GO was 18: 1.In this case,the composite degree was the highest.The honeycomb structure formed via the homogeneous covering of PANI on the surface of GO sheets could be seen from TEM and SEM images,while the pure PANI obtained in this redox system presented scaly morphology.What's more,the nanocomposites showed remarkable electrochemical performance.Based on galvanostatic charge-discharge test,the specific capacitance?Csp?was high up to 308.3 Fg^-1,much higher than that of the pure PANI with specific capacitance of 150 F g^-1 at a current density of 1 A g^-1in 2 M H2SO4 electrolyte.Herein,Csp could still remain 80% after 1000 cycles at a current density of 5 A g^-1.The excellent properties of PANI-GO nanocomposites may attribure to the conjugation effect between PANI and GO sheets.2.Thiocarbamide reacted with sodium molybdate in water to synthesize precursor to obtain molybdenum sulfide?MoS₂?by hydrothermal routeultimately.The obtained MoS₂ is multilayer,and can turn to few-layered or unilaminar by ultrasonic treatment.Subsequently,the pre-prepared PPy nanotubes were introduced intohydrothermal route to prepare MoS₂-PPy composites in the process of crystal growth.As a result,the MoS₂ monolayers were covered uniformly on the surface of PPy nanotubes.Moreover,the properties of obtained composites were superior to the pristine two component.In this case,the synergistic effect between MoS₂ and PPy can preferably promote the performance of the as-obtained composites.3.PANI was prepared by an in situ polymerization at different temperatures while ferric trichloride?FeCl₃?was the initiator and constituted coordination complex with salicylic acid.The obtained coordination complex was used as the soft template to synthesize PANI.TEM,FTIR,XRD,TGA,DSC are carried out to characterize the structure and morphology of PANI.The results indicate that the structures and morphologies of the obtained PANI are different from each other.The electrochemical measurements showed that the the PANI presented remarkable rate ability,however,non-ideal Csp.Moreover,the exact relationship between reaction temperature and the morphologies of obtained PANI has been still investigated.