The Seasonal Analysis And Evaluation Of Indoor Air Quality Of Administrative Office Buildings In Chongqing

With the development of society, increasing numbers of people are in a closed indoor environment to work in the modern society, the time of workers stay in the office more than one-third every day, good indoor air environment is the basic requirement to maintain physical and mental health and work efficiency. The relevant investigation found that most office indoor workers had sick building syndrome. Chongqing is located in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, it is economic, financial and cultural center of southwest China. With the development of the city, the air pollution is increasingly serious, with the addition of work and life pressures, let aggravate the level of indoor air quality effects people health and reduce efficiency indirectly.Therefore, this study started a long-term follow-up survey for indoor air quality administrative office building in Chongqing, to detect indoor-outdoor air parameters in winter, autumn and summer respectively from July 2013 to December 2015, analyze air pollutants concentration level and seasonal patterns. At the same time, distribute subjective questionnaire to indoor staff, analyze perceived indoor air quality, finding out the main existing problems. Then, determine the evaluation index, the evaluation standard, the index weigh, using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method makes grade evaluation for each season office indoor air quality. Finally, combining objective evaluation results with subjective evaluation results for analyze indoor air quality synthetically. The main research results are as follows:(1) In winter, the grade of indoor air quality is 3.1271, closed to the "general" level. PM2.5 and PM10 are main pollutants, CO2 is the third. Air change rate is less in the office during winter, the fresh air volume is shortage, the concentration of TVOC in indoor is greatly influenced by the outdoor, indoor particulate matter concentration is influenced by both outdoor and indoor. In the actual environment, keeping appropriate low room temperature is conducive to reduce indoor CO2, TVOC; Maintain appropriate high air humidity, which is beneficial to reduce indoor TVOC and particle concentration; And improving the air flow rate is conducive to reduce indoor CO2.(2) In autumn, the grade of indoor air quality is 3.0101, belong to the "general" level. PM2.5 and PM10 are main pollutants, CO2 is the third. Natural ventilation efficiency of this class building is low. The natural ventilation is good in the office during autumn, indoor pollutant concentrations are mainly influenced by outdoor environmental. In the actual environment, keeping appropriate low room temperature is conducive to reduce indoor CO2, TVOC; Maintain appropriate high air humidity is beneficial to reduce indoor TVOC; And improving the air flow rate is conducive to reduce indoor CO2.(3) In summer, the grade of indoor air quality is 2.3437, closed to the "good" level. PM2.5 is the main pollutant, PM10 is the second, and HCHO is the third. Indoor temperature, humidity and air velocity basic can satisfy the requirements of air conditioning in summer, but has the problem of uneven distribution, and humidity(> 70%) is on the high side as a whole. The fresh air volume is enough during summer, indoor particulate matter mainly comes from outside. In the actual environment, keeping appropriate low indoor temperature is conducive to reduce HCHO; keeping proper high air humidity and velocity are conducive to reduce TVOC.(4) The level of staff are not satisfied with indoor air environment tends to decline is winter, autumn, summer. These office buildings are not up to acceptable indoor air quality level in winter and in autumn, and in summer they reach acceptable level.(5) Odors which administrative office buildings in Chongqing often appear include poor ventilation isn't fresh bouquet, printer, etc. Smell feeling is the most strong in winter. The scales of pungent smell and human smell are increasing in summer compared with winter and autumn,(6) Administrative office buildings in Chongqing are often at fatigue, dizziness, breathing disorders, dry eyes and other unpleasant symptoms. These symptoms are in winter is particularly serious, appears the adverse symptoms above personnel is more than 30%, is indeed "sick building syndrome". Winter, indoor dry, itchy skin symptoms 31.5% of staff, the situation is more serious.