Research On Hypolipidemic And Antioxidant Activity Of Shanxi Aged Vinegar Sludge

Shanxi aged vinegar obtains a great reputation at home and abroad,which is known as "the first Chinese vinegar" with its unique production process.Shanxi mature vinegar is not only excellent for its flavor,thick and distant taste,but also for its variety of beneficial substances giving the mature vinegar tremendous health function,that makes it is loved by the public.The mature vinegar is full of treasures.Due to the occurrence of a series of complex chemical and physical changes in the aging process of the vinegar,which can make the vinegar produce precipitation,This is what we call the vinegar sludge.Because the output of vinegar sludge was enormous,and which was produced inevitably in the aging process of the mature vinegar,but now vinegar sludge was not widely used in various industries,resulting a waste of resources.Based on our original intention of using resources extensively,we carried out a series of experimental study on the vinegar sludge.This paper selected the vinegar sludge as the research object,mainly through the determination to the composition of vinegar sludge,tso we can make further research and discussion according to the related components in animal experiments and attendant results.the main research contents and results of this paper are as follows:Firstly,we measured the composition of the vinegar sludge.The lyophilized powder of vinegar sludge contained common nutritional components,such as protein,fat,starch and reducing sugar and so on,The results showed that the protein content was the highest for 261.20mg/g in all measured materials,and then the contents of total acid,reducing sugar and starch were 90.50mg/g,54.75mg/g,6.53mg/g.The highest content of bioactive ingredients in the freeze-dried powder of vinegar sludge was the polysaccharide and the black essence,these two substances contents were respectively 120.02 mg/g and 95.35 mg/g,and then the contents of dietary fiber,polyphenol,flavonoids and polypeptide were 31.71mg/g,22.16 mg/g,18.34 mg/g,14.33mg/g.The content of Ligustrazine was the lowest,which is 0.54 mg/g.The total contents of these substances accounted for 30.24%in the frozen powder of vinegar sludge.It was found that the freeze dried powder of vinegar sludge was found to contain rich nutrients and functional components.Secondly,We studied the effect of reducing blood lipid of vinegar sludge:by comparison with the HG group,the serum TG content of the mice decreased significantly(P<0.05)in HVL group,and mice serum TC,TG and LDL-C levels all lowered remarkably in HVH group(P<0.05 or P<0.01),HDL-C level increased notably(P<0.05).These results showed that dietary supplementation with vinegar sludge freeze-dried powder had obvious effect on reducing blood lipid of hyperlipidemia mice.Besides,we evaluated the antioxidant effect on mice of vinegar sludge.By compared with the HG group,GSH-Px enzyme activity in whole blood of HVL group and HVH group were both increased,but there was no significant change.The content of MDA reduced notably,antioxidant enzymes(SOD and CAT)activity both increased and changed remarkably(P<0.05 or P<0.01).This suggested that dietary supplementation with vinegar sludge freeze-dried powder had apparent effect on reducing blood lipid of hyperlipidemia mice.At the same time,we found that the diet supplements with 5%vinegar sludge powder on normal mice body played anti-lipid peroxidation role.Finally,melanoidins in the vinegar sludge is further discussed.We extracted the black essence from the vinegar sludge and then separated SEC from the extracted melanoidins,determined browning index and total sugar content of each fraction after the separation separately and charted gel chromatography,according to the browning index of M1-M5 component and the curve variation trend of rotein content and total sugar content,starting from the definition of mclanoidin,we ensured that M1-M5 can be regarded as a kind of melanoidin compounds with high purity,M6 component may be the small molecular impurity that was remained in HMW during the process of ultrafiltration.Finally,we determined the DPPH free radical rate and reducing power of the original sample VSW and different molecular fractions M1-M5 that was separated and purified by SEC,both of them belonged to mature vinegar melanoidins.The measurements showed that VSW and different molecular component M1-M5 both suggested significant antioxidant activity in vitro,and both of them presented high similarity in the change rule of DPPH free radical scavenging rate and reducing power,the antioxidant activity levels of whose were from high to lower,that is:M3(34-21 kDa)>M2(34-80kDa)>M4>(21-10kDa)>M1(>80kDa)>VSW>M5(10-3kDa).The DPPH free radical clearance(82%,78%,74%,63%)and reducing power(0.22A,0.17A,0.16A,0.15A)of M3,M2,M1 and M4 were significantly higher than vinegar sludge VSW(57%and 0.14A)under the same dose concentration,this phenomena indicated vinegar sludge melanoidins had enormous contribution on the antioxidant activity of vinegar sludge.All in all,mature vinegar sludge melanoidins has significant antioxidant activity in vitro and vinegar sludge melanoidins displayed important effect on the antioxidant activity.