Studies On The Deep Processing Products Of Olive Pomace

Olive is a valuable natural resources for food and medicine industry in China.It exhibits unique pharmacological effect and multiple healthy benefits for human.Along with the rapid development of olive industry,domestic planting area and yield increase rapidly,producing the by-products such as olive pomace with the yield about tens of thousands of tons per year.At present,by-products,such as pomace,has not yet been fully utilized.As olive pomace contains multiple nutrients,such as oil,protein,dietary fiber,polyphenols,etc.It show great potential development and application in medicine,food and cosmetics industries.Based on the situation that olive pomace in China has not fully utilized and the current of olive and by-products industry,this study focused on the further utilized product of the olive pomace,aimed to develop the further processing products,such as olive pomace oil,protein,dietary fiber and polyphenols.This research showed significant guidelines to improve the olive processing technology and the development of deep processing of products.The main research results including:1.With the olive pomace being used as raw materia,the olive pomace was extracted by ultrasonic-assisted solvent extraction method.On the basis of \single factors experiment,four selected extraction parameters(temperature,extraction time,ultrasonic power and liquid ratio)were used in the Box-Behnken response surface method for optimization.The yield of olive pomace oil was used as the response value.The optimization of process condition for extracting were that temperature 51.0 ?,extraction time 59.0 min,ultrasonic power 846 W and solid-liquid ratio 6.20(mL/g).Under the optimized processing conditions,the olive pomace extraction yield can reach 15.69%.Rancimat test showed that induction time of olive pomace oil was 11.57 h,significantly higher than traditional extraction technology to extract the pomace's products(8.80 h).2.Choosing the neutral protease,using water enzymatic to prepare pomace oil and protein at the same time.Based on the single factor,with the degree of hydrolysis as the response value to carry on the response surface analysis.The optimization of enzyme hydrolysis conditions as follows: temperature 42.5 ?,pH 7.0 and extraction time 3.1 h.In this condition,the degree of hydrolysis was 8.01%.Protein were in the optimal hydrolysis conditions of water,comparing the protein with the traditional alkali protein on the emulsification,emulsifying stability,foamability and oil-absorbing etc.These results showed that the enzymatic extraction of protein had significant improvement on emulsifying stability,foam ability and oil absorption and water.But the water enzyme protein's foam stability was a bit poorer than alkali protein.3.Using the microwave-assisted extraction method,through the single factor and orthogonal experiment to optimize the olive polyphenol extraction scheme.The results showed that the optimization of process parameters as follows: the lid-liquid ratio 20 mL/g,microwave time 2 min,microwave power 200 W,and ethanol volume fraction \50%.Under this condition,the olive pomace polyphenols yield was 0.97%.DPPH free radical and hydroxyl radical scavenging test showed that when the polyphenols crude extract concentration was 0.09 mg/m L,DPPH free radical scavenging rate was 88.62%;When the concentration was 0.30 mg/m L,the polyphenols extract hydroxyl free radical scavenging ability generally were 66.52%.That indicated the olive pomace polyphenol exhibited antioxidant activity.Comparison of five kinds of macroporous resin with the effect of the purification of crude extracts,the AB-8 was the most suitable to purify olive pomace polyphenol.After the purification,total phenolic content reached up to 80%.4.With the water enzymatic and microwave method remaining residue as raw material preparation to extract dietary fiber products.The results showed that the dietary fiber products of total dietary fiber content was 80.65%,the content of insoluble dietary fiber was 47.23% and the content of soluble dietary fiber was 31.48%.The functional testing results showed that water-holding capacity was 5.13 g/g,oil-holding capacity was 2.36 g/g,the expansion force was 6.20 mL/g,the glucose adsorption value reached 8.20 mmol/g,the bile salts adsorption quantity was 20.01 mg/g and the bile acid salts adsorption quantity was 192.80 mg/g.