| LPG production and use of a larger,production,storage and transportation process more accidents,because of its flammable and explosive properties,LPG tank once due to human factors,equipment factors,production management or environmental factors leak.The occurrence of fire and explosion,not only will cause huge economic losses,but also cause environmental pollution and even endanger people's lives and property.Especially in the tank area,often caused by multiple tanks linked to the explosion reaction,that is,domino accident,the consequences of unimaginable.In recent years,LPG leakage caused a fire and explosion accidents around the world and the domestic caused a strong reaction,therefore,the LPG tank fire safety and fire spacing to study,quantify the dangerous area,for the prevention of LPG tank accident,especially the tank.It is of great significance to ensure the safety and safety of LPG and the stable development of national economy,and also provide reference for the design of LPG plant area.LPG storage tank fire accident is divided into jet fire(JF),pool fire(PF),steam cloud explosion(UVCE)and boiling liquid expansion steam explosion(BLEVE)according to the cause of the accident.The first three kinds of fire accidents are the most typical,the accident consequences.In this paper,the first three types of common fire accidents are analyzed,and the characteristics of three types of fire accidents and dangerous areas are mainly studied.The main research contents are as follows:Firstly,this paper analyzes the hazards,storage methods and leakage causes of LPG storage tanks by referring to the literatures of domestic and foreign chemical enterprises' tank fire accidents,and analyzed the combustion mechanism and combustion of three common fire accidents-jet fire,pool fire,steam cloud explosion characteristic parameters,the establishment of accident tree and fire model model,the study of different relationship model of the applicable conditions,theoretical methods.It is concluded that the JF mainly deals with the damage to the surrounding equipment or personnel through the heat radiation.The combustion characteristic parameters mainly include the heat flow rate of the leakage port and the heat radiation flux received by the target radiation.The point heat source model is combined with the thermal radiation failure criterion flame heat radiation characteristics,PF combustion characteristics of the main tank mass combustion rate,the pool diameter D,the flame height H,the pool of heat radiation flux Q,the target is the radiation radiation intensity I,using the Mudan model combined with thermal radiation destruction of the risk of dangerous areas;UVCE produce a variety of damage effects,such as shock wave overpressure,fireball heat radiation,debris,etc.,high temperature combustion of the fireball heat radiation and explosion caused by overburden shock wave destruction power.At the burning speed of the gas cloud,the fireball heat radiation and overpressure shock wave failure range of the vapor cloud explosion in the LPG storage tank were simulated by the universal fireball model and the TNT equivalent method.Secondly,based on the comparative relationship model,taking the LPG storage tank in Zhoucun District of Zibo City as an example,this paper studies the dangerous area in the LPG tank area,and simulates the consequences of the fire accident in the LPG station respectively.The influence factors of the combustion characteristics of the three fire modes and the consequences of the accident,and determine the hazardous area and the safety and fireproof spacing.Based on the statistical analysis results of 100 typical domino accidents,this paper analyzes the accident forms of PF and UVCE,which are the most likely to cause domino effect,and uses the domination effect model of domino effect equipment to calculate the damage probability model of domino effect equipment,based on Cozzani et al.The probability of failure of the tank under two types of accidents and the assessment of the degree of risk of PF and UVCE accidents in liquefied gas stations in accordance with the standard ALARP principle of tank failure risk.The results show that the probability of failure of adjacent tank is 6×10-3,and the probability of igniting the adjacent tank at the 100m~3 storage tank of LPG station is 7.2×10-8 / a-1,10m~3 tank,the probability of igniting the adjacent tank is 5.6×10-12 / a-1,which is negligible.The vapor cloud explosion is caused by overpressure.The probability of failure near the tank is about 0.999,about 1,the probability of igniting the tank near the tank when the vapor cloud explodes in the tank ~ is about 1.39 × 10(1)(5)-8 / a-1.Accept the risk,must take effective measures to eliminate the occurrence of steam cloud explosion,such as the outer wall of the tank coating insulation layer,smear preservatives,improve fire equipment and other measures to minimize the tank tank tank failure risk.Finally,combined with the results of the study of dangerous areas in three kinds of fire conditions,the countermeasures were put forward to deal with the accident prevention and emergency rescue treatment of the tanker area in the LPG station of Zhoucun District,Zibo City.The damage radius r3(the heat received by the target radiation Radiation flux is 12.5kw / m2)as the critical safety distance of fire rescue,to determine the best fire safety rescue personnel were 13.11 m,12.54 m,149.4m(100m~3 tank),10.98 m,6.19 m,70.42m(10m~3 tank),for the station area safety fire and determine the safety distance of fire rescue provides a reference to ensure that the liquefied gas tank tank fire rescue work safety and efficiency. |
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