Synthesis And Photocatalytic Performance Of Several Inorganic Nanomaterials

The photocatalytic technology which can degrade the vast majority of organic pollutants,part of the inorganic and heavy metal ions pollutants is one of the new methods to solve the energy shortage and environmental pollution.Most of semiconductor materials like metal oxides,sulfides and nitrogen oxides have been identified as active photocatalysts for photo-degrading pollutants.These traditional materials are widely used for its high chemical stability,good biocompatibility and low cost.But,they could only respond to UV irradiation,which greatly limits its practical application.So,it is very important to modified the traditional photocatalysts or find same new materials to Improve the photocatalytic performance.In this work,we try to modified the titanium dioxide by doping rare earth elements or compositing with silicon dioxide,and also find the new photocatalysts bismuth molybdates and Graphene composite materials.The main contents are given as follows:?1?The rare earth doped titanium dioxide hollow spheres and TiO₂/SiO₂ hollow spheres have been fabricated through a solvothermal approach by using carbon spheres as templates.The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction,transmission scanning electron microscopy,and UV-vis diffuse reflectance.The photocatalytic performance was researched for the degradation of rhodamine B under light irradiation.The results indicate that:successfully prepared the uniformly hollow sphere products,and the introduction of rare earth and silicon dioxide can widen TiO₂ nanomaterials response range towards light.The photocatalytic activity of TiO₂:La is the most strongest.The study of the influence of the amount of SiO₂ to the photocatalytic activity of catalyst shows that: when the quality ratio of TiO₂ and SiO₂ is 2:1,the The photocatalytic activity of TiO₂/SiO₂ hollow spheres is strongest.Two catalysts possess excellent cycling property.?2?Bismuth molybdates were prepared using one-pot solvothermal method.The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,transmission scanning electron microscopy,fluorescence spectrum analysis and UV-vis diffuse reflectance.The photocatalytic performance was researched for the degradation of rhodamine B under visiblelight irradiation.The results indicate that: successfully prepared the Bi₂MoO₆ ? Bi₂Mo₂O₉nano-spheres and uniformly Bi₂MoO₆/Bi₂O₃ rugby-like hollow spheres.These three products can absorb the visible light.The photocatalytic activity of Bi₂MoO₆/Bi₂O₃ rugby-like hollow spheres is the strongest,and possess excellent cycling property.?3?The graphene-ZnS nanocomposites are synthesized through a one-step solvothermal approach using ethylene glycol as solvent and thiourea as Sulfur source.The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction,transmission scanning electron microscopy,fluorescence spectrum analysis and UV-vis diffuse reflectance.The photocatalytic performances were researched for the degradation of rhodamine B under UV light irradiation.The results indicate that: ZnS nanoparticles are uniformly loaded on the surface of graphene nanosheets.The introduction of graphene improves the photocatalytic activity of products.The study of the influence of the amount of graphene to the photocatalytic activity of catalyst shows that: when the amount of graphene is 14%,the photocatalytic activity of graphene-ZnS nanocomposites is strongest,and it possess excellent cycling property.