Preparation And Properties Of ETN-based Nano-composite Energetic Materials

Nano-composite energetic materials are a kind of special energetic materials which are uniformly dispersed in the composite system with nano-meter components,which can exert the shortcomings of the special surface properties of nano-meter materials,improve the sensitivity of traditional energetic materials and low output energy.Hot topics.In this paper,Al/Cr₂O₃ was prepared by sol-gel method,using high energy enriched erythrityl tetranitrate?ETN?as the main explosive,using safe and non-toxic Cr₂O₃ as the gel matrix material and active nano-Al powder as additive.Al/Cr₂O₃/ETN nano-composite energetic materials,and their properties were studied.The details are as follows:First,a composite energetic material is prepared.The sol-gel technique was used to prepare the main gel Al/Cr₂O₃.The process conditions were discussed,including the selective experiment of the gel precursor salt,the concentration adjustment of the gel precursor,the choice of the solvent,the dosage and solution with different initial pH values.Al/Cr₂O₃/ETN composite wet gel was prepared by adding ETN to the main Al/Cr₂O₃ gel skeleton.The samples were dried by vacuum freeze drying for 6 hours to obtain nano-meter Al/Cr₂O₃/ETN composite energetic materials.Second,the sample analysis and characterization.The micro structure,elemental composition and structural characteristics of the samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy?SEM?,X-ray photo electron spectroscopy?XPS?and infrared spectroscopy?IR?.The results show that the surface of nano-Al is obviously coated with particles,which is a mixture of nano-ETN and nano-Cr₂O₃,and the size of the coated structure is about 100 nm.The nano-composite energetic materials are composed of C,N,O,Al and Cr elemental composition,in line with nano-meter Al/Cr₂O₃/ETN composite materials containing elements of the composition;In addition,the composite material exists Cr₂O₃ and ETN characteristic peaks,and nano-meter Al/Cr₂O₃/ETN composite energetic material composition.Finally,the performance test and analysis of the sample.The results show that the impact characteristics of nano-composite energetic materials decrease with the increase of ETN content,and the friction sensitivity increases with the increase of ETN,especially,themechanical sensitivity of nano-composite energetic materials are lower than the physical mixture of its components.The thermal decomposition temperature of nano-composite energetic materials with different ETN content is lower than that of pure ETN.It is shown that nano-Al and nano-Cr₂O₃ play a catalytic role in the thermal decomposition of ETN,and the sensitivity of the nano-meter composite energetic materials are characterized by safety and insecurity.The above discussion provides a reference for the further application of engineering field.