Research On Development And Properties Of Three New Biomass-based Fertilizers

In this study,three new biomass-based fertilizers were prepared by functionalizing lignin,chicken feather and cellulose.The effects of reaction conditions were studied systematically.Advanced instruments and new methods of measurements and analyses have been used to characterize the samples.The performance of samples after application were also investigated.The main conclusions were drawn as followings.1?In this study,corn cob lignin(L)from biorefining followed by acid precipitation was pretreated to increase the reaction activity sites.Lignin was modified by phenolation to obtain PL and further treatment by hydroxymethylation to obtain HPL.Then the acquired PL and HPL were modified through carboxymethylation to synthesize CMPL and CMHPL,respectively.Results showed that CMHPL had the best water-soluble property(69.7%)and the strongest ability to complex with zinc ions(124.2mg/g).L had the lowest water-soluble property(8.7%)and the lowest ability to complex with zinc ions(53.8mg/g).The water-soluble property of CMPL was 34.7%,and the ability to complex with zinc ions of CMPL was 113.1mg/g.2?In this study,a porous,natural polymer was prepared by functionalizing lignin with a large number of pores and functional groups via grafting chicken feathers(CF)on phenolated lignin(PL).Results showed that the surface of functionalized porous lignin(PL-CF)obtained had a large surface area(SBET(m2/g),94.18)and high-porosity(V p(cm3/g),0.48).Iron fertilizers(L-Fe,CF-Fe,PL-CF-Fe)were synthesized with L,CF,and PL-CF,respectively.Static water releasing tests showed that almost all of iron ions was released from L-Fe;CF-Fe(70%)and PL-CF-Fe(13.9%)released considerably less iron ions by comparison.Soil incubation experiment showed that the iron in PL-CF-Fe could exist as plant-available form for a long period of time as compared to L-Fe and CF-Fe.PL-CF altogether exhibited excellent water retention and fertility properties due to the grafting of amino acids and oligopeptides.3 ? In the present study,a multi-functional zinc-rich fertilizerwas developed by cross-linkingof CFs and Cell pulp with KOH/H2O/CO(NH2)2 being a composite solvent,which was named Cell-CF.Chemical analyses of the granulated Cell-CF fertilizer showed that it contained nitrogen of 150.6 mg/g,potassium of 136.7 mg/g and zinc of 13.9 mg/g.Cell-CF had good swelling capacity in water.Cell-CF could slow down the release of potassium and zinc into water.The crystal structures of CFs and Cell were destroyed after being treated with the composite solvent,and there was hydrogen bond interaction between the polypeptide and Cell.Photoelectron spectroscopy results showed that zinc was chelated with the functional groups of Cell-CF.Soil incubation experiment and pot experiment showed that Cell-CF could release high bio-available zinc in a long term.The studies combied utilization technology of wastes and slow-release fertilizer technology,and had signifieantly theoretical and practieal means.The products maybe has great application potential in iron deficiency and zinc deficiency soils.