Effects Of Different Alkyl Chain Length Or Anion Of Ionic Liquids On Wheat Seedlings

Ionic liquid is a salt with low melting point.Ionic liquids?ILs?have very low vapor pressure,non-flammability,thermal.Although haven't large-scale production and application,ionic liquids application prospect are very broad.And they will inevitably go into the environment.But presently,there are inadequate research on toxicity of ionic liquids.For example,researchers have different opinions on the toxicity of different carbon chain ionic liquids.And they also have different sounds on the toxicity of different anion effect.Therefore it is crucial to study the potential environmental hazards of the ionic liquids before that they applied broadly on industrial scale.We studies the toxic of ionic liquids with different length of alkyl side to the growth of wheat seedlings and the influence of ionic liquids with the different anion to the wheat seedlings' growth index,physiological index and the cellular structure.The results of ionic liquids' toxicity with different length of alkyl side to the growth of wheat seedlings:?1?[Cnmim][OAc]?n=2,4,6?have different effects on the growth of wheat seedlings.With the increasing of concentration and length of alkyl side,the toxicity of the ionic liquid heavier.The order of ILs?ionic liquids?inhibition: [C6mim] [OAc] > [C₄mim][OAc] > [C2mim] [OAc].?2?Transmission electron microscope?TEM?was used to observe the wheat leaf cellular structure under the effects of ionic liquids,in which the mitochondrion,nucleus,chloroplast,cell membrane,etc were expected to change.It showed that all the cellular structures were affected in condition that the concentration of[Cnmim][OAc]?n=2,4,6?was 200 mg/L,and the most affected one was[C6mim][OAc],followed by [C₄mim][OAc] and [C2mim][OAc].The influence of ionic liquids with the different anion to the wheat seedlings' growth:?1?With the increase of the concentration of ILs,the growth indexes of wheatseedlings declined under the [C₄mim][Cl] and [C₄mim][BF₄] treated.As the concentration increasing,the toxicity of ionic liquids increased synchronously.?2?With the increase of the concentration of ionic liquids,the physiological indicators including: SOD,POD,CAT,MDA,have different degree of changes treated by [C₄mim][Cl] and [C₄mim][BF₄].It shows that the decreased physiological indexes of wheat seedlings under the [C₄mim][Cl] treatments are lower than the[C₄mim][BF₄] treatments.?3?Discuss the ultrastructure of wheat seedlings under the [C₄mim][Cl] and[C₄mim][BF₄] treated.Transmission electron microscope?TEM?was used to observe the wheat leaf cellular structure under the effects of ionic liquids?ILs?,in which the mitochondrion,nucleus,chloroplast,cell membrane,etc were expected to change.It shows that [C₄mim][Cl] and [C₄mim][BF₄] were toxic to wheat seedlings.To sum up,the first part: TEM was used to observe the wheat leaf cellular structure under the effects of ionic liquids?ILs?,in which the mitochondrion,nucleus,chloroplast,cell membrane,etc were expected to change.The effects on wheat seedlings growth and the leaf cellular structure which affected by the ionic liquid's alkyl chain were with the same degree.It demonstrated that ionic liquids influenced the growth of plants by damaging their cellular structure,and as the alkyl chain increasing,the toxicity of ionic liquids increased synchronously.The second part:[C₄mim][Cl] and [C₄mim][BF₄] on wheat seedling growth indexes,physiological indexes and the cellular structure.It shows that [C₄mim][Cl] has more toxic effects than [C₄mim][BF₄].